ANSC 250 1st Edition Lecture 6 Outline of Last Lecture I. History of Animal Protection- Victorian England II. Early legislative protections and organizations III. Other important animal protection organizations Outline of Current Lecture I. Early animal shelteringII. Humane ShelteringIII. Animal sheltering across the countryIV. Pet Overpopulation film Current LectureI. Early animal shelteringA. What did the early pound master do to provide for himself and his family (how did he make a living)?i. Beginnings of Animal Shelteringii. 1600s-1800s iii. Impounds formed iv. Poundmaster1. Confined escaped animals2. No salary 3. Sold or killed food animals v. Livestock/horses1. Reclaim feesvi. Stray dogs and cats 1. Killed (inhumanely) vii. Mid 1800s 1. Urbanization2. Animal populations changedviii. Less livestockix. More stray cats/dogs 1. Handling methods had not changed2. Problems with NYC pound B. What was the first concern/question regarding animal sheltering? What was the main issue that was causing this concern?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. How are homeless animals killed? (Inhumanely-drowning, beating, etc.) ii. Inhumane treatment of animalsiii. Stolen dogsiv. Lack of stray animal collectionC. What were the main issues Henry Bergh had with the New York City pound?i. Bergh would not allow ASPCA to run poundii. ASPCA agrees to manage NYC pound1. Dog licensing 2. Reduced stolen animals 3. Stray cats become new focus iii. Humane euthanasia methods D. In regards to animal sheltering, what is euthanasia referring to in addition to those animals that are sick and suffering?i. Euthanasia: 1. Act or practice of killing or permitting the death of hopelessly sick or injured individuals in a relatively painless way for reasons of mercy2. Specifically to animal shelters: includes healthy or treatable companion animals just to make space II. Humane sheltering A. Carolyn Earle White:i. Pennsylvania Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (PSPCA) B. What did humane shelters set out to do?i. food and careii. Adoptions iii. "Humane" euthanasia chamber (gas chamber) iv. animal sheltering grows1. companion animals become the new focus C. What is currently the most accepted form of euthanasia?i. Changes in Euthanasia methods1. 1970's: phase out gas chambers a. Still exist today ii. Most humane, acceptable method today 1. Overdose of sodium phenobarbital D. What was the second question/concern regarding animal sheltering?Pet Overpopulationi. In 1960's, second concern for animal shelters was how many homeless animals are killed in shelters?1. 23 million animals/yearii. Phyllis Wright (HSUS)1. "LES is more" E. What is meant by “LES is more” and who developed this phrase?i. L = legislationii. E = Educationiii. S= sterilization F. # of animals entering shelters each year:i. 7,600,000 animals/year enter shelters G. # of animals euthanized in shelters each year?:i. 2,700,000 animals ii. 1 animal every 8 secondsH. Ratio of strays: owner relinquished animals in shelters:i. 2:1 stray to owner relinquished ratio ii. 5% of cats and 26% of dogs are returned to owners- majority had identification III. Animal Sheltering Across the CountryA. Is there a government or national organization which funds or oversees the 13,000+ animal shelters in this county? If so, who is this?i. Animal sheltering in the US today1. 13,000+ animal shelters nationwide2. No governmental or national organization to fund or oversees these B. Define the different types of shelters;i. Municipal shelters: “animal control” facilities, ensure the laws are enforced and stray animal populations are controlledii. Private shelters: Go by many different names, may also take in strays, but funding by local donations; non-profit groups C. Rescue groups can be age/condition-based or species/breed-based. They not running out of traditional facilities. Where are the animals generally being housed in these groups?i. Home-based or foster homes (usually not working out of traditional facilities) ii. Species or breed-focused; Age or condition-focused D. Do we find the term “no-kill” appropriate to use in animal sheltering?i. Euthanasia policies1. Kill shelters2. No-kill shelters: not very appropriate because there would be limited admission E. What is the preferred classification system? i. Intake method 1. Open admission shelters 2. Take in all animals 3. Euthanize when resources become limited ii. Limited admission1. May choose when to close their doors2. Historically "no kill" shelters were limited admission, but this is changing F. What is the third (and current) concern/question regarding animal sheltering? What movement or philosophy sparked this question being asked?i. 1980s: third and current concern about sheltering: why are we killing animals at all?ii. "No kill" philosophy- no healthy, adoptable animal should be killedG. Take some notes on the class discussion regarding whether homeless companion animals should be euthanized in shelters. i. Should homeless companion animals be euthanized?1. No: what will the animals long -term quality of life be? What happens when your facility is full? Do you turn incoming animals away? Where do these animals go? (Small animals or puppies get adopted often)2. Yes: how do you determine which animals are euthanized? Is it a matter of time, space, or other resources, the animal's adoptability? What do you plan to do to reduce the number of animals being euthanized and increase the number being adopted? (Animals with behavioral issues or chronical issues should be euthanized? Or perhaps cats and pit bulls because thereare a lot of them) ii. Why do people give up their pets?1. Not enough time, cost, moving/landlord issues, too energetic, too large, unwanted litters, new baby, just don’t want them, didn’t realize the responsibility, bored with them, etc. iii. Pet overpulation: what can we do?1. Spay or neuter, educate, license and identify, adopt or foster! H. What is the most permanent form of identification for companion animals?i. Microchipping1. Technology to reunite lost pets with owners2. Permanent identification- most reliable form 3. Scanner used to read the chip numberIV. Pet Overpopulation FilmA. What tool do the animal control officers use to catch stray dogs running on the street?i. lasso B. In 2002, what was the estimated amount of money that