ANSC 250 1st Edition Lecture 5 Outline of Last Lecture I Reasons why the environmental health is important for you and your pets II Comprehending the connections between the animal liberation movement and the environmental movement and what you can do to help minimize it III Examples of how dogs are used in conservation Outline of Current Lecture I History of Animal Protection Victorian England II Early legislative protections and organizations III Other important animal protection organizations Current Lecture I Victorian England 1837 1901 A The three major changes leading to an interest in animal protection are i Interest in the order of the natural world ii Reformism iii Preoccupation with pain and suffering B Aristotle s Great Chain of Being placed humans above other animals hierarchy Linnaeus placed humans and other animals in same category based on observed anatomical similarities and differences C Charles Darwin believed that humans and other animals evolved to share both physical and emotional traits The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals 1872 D What was the connection between advocates against slavery and advocates for animal protection i Reformism ii concern for social issues 1 slavery 2 child labor 3 treatment of women E William Hogarth created the Four Stages of Cruelty 1751 What was the point of this piece i Cruelty to animals cruelty to humans cruelty toward animals lead to cruelty toward other humans with women and experimenting on other human beings bodies These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute F Who was Rene Descartes What did he do and what did he believe in regards to other animals i Introduction of pain relievers ii Descartes believed in animals incapable of feeling pain iii experiments on live conscious animals iv vivisection debate begins pain in animals vivisection scientific experiments on live animals G Common forms of cruelty i Overworked beaten animals ii Work horses iii Vivisection iv Blood sports dog fighting etc v Random cruelty vi Stray dogs cats vii No protection existed H Prior to the 1800 s what protections were in place for other animals i No protection existed sparked frustration in people who cared about animals ii Jeremy Bentham The question is not Can they reason Nor Can they talk But Can they suffer II Early legislative protections and organizations A What was the first legal protection for other animals in England What did it stop Who helped to pass this bill i 1800 Ban bull baiting failed ii 1809 Ban cruelty to all domestic animals failed iii Passage of the Ill Treatment of Cattle Act 1822 1 Richard Martin 2 good news eliminates bull baiting and transport of cattle for slaughter 3 bad news rise of dog fighting B What was the first organization formed to protect animals What was it later called in 1840 What animals were they focused on protecting i Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals SPCA 1 1824 first SPCA formed 2 Richard Martin Wilberforce and Rev Arthur Broome 3 early priorities investigate and enforce laws mistreatment of cows 4 prefix Royal added in 1840 by the Queen became the RSPCA C What was the second animal protection organization to form this time in the United States Who formed this organization What animals did they focus on protecting i HenryBergh 1 founded the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ASPCA in 1866 2 RSPCA as model 3 Anti cruelty law passes ASPCA enforces 4 early focus mistreatment of horses first ambulance for horses in NYC 5 Growth of SPCAs in America 6 modeled after ASPCA 7 by 1873 25 US states and territories had their own SPCAs independent organizations 8 early focus on horses and livestock D What was a huge concern regarding the treatment of stray dogs and cats by the New York City pound i plight of strays 1 become victims of vivisection 2 work animals 3 Rounded up and killed not humanely drowning strays by putting them in cages and descend into the river ii SPCAs role in Animal Sheltering 1 in 1894 ASPCA took over managing the NYC pound 2 after Bergh s death 3 Sheltering soon becomes dominant role for SPCA s E Who was Mary Ellen Wilson and how was she connected to Henry Bergh i She reached out to Bergh about mistreated children ii Bergh s connection to child protection iii Bergh wanted to keep child and animal protection separated iv Children also treated like property Bergh helped to remove the mistreated child from her parents and put the child in a foster home III Other Important Animal Protection Organizations A What was the third animal protection organization to form at a national level What makes this organization unique the additional role they take on i American Humane Association AHA 1 Established in 1877 to combine efforts of regional groups on a national level a First priority welfare of livestock during transport b Assumed a child protection role c Advocates for humane education in schools B What was the fourth animal protection organization to form Where are they located and why i Humane Society of the United States HSUS 1 Part of the AHA breaks away in 1954 2 Chose Washington DC as its base because closest to law makers easy access to politicians in order to advance protection for animals 3 MAJOR national voice for animal welfare C What is the focus of theFund for Animals Who was its founder i Founded in 1967 by author Cleveland Amory 1917 1998 ii wildlife focus iii Merged with HSUS in 2005 D What is the Black Beauty Ranch and who founded this i Cleveland Amory Black Beauty Ranch 1 Animal sanctuary 2 1 300 acres located in Texas 3 1 400 animals 4 Established by Cleveland Amory 5 now maintained by the HSUS E Which organization maintains a companion animal sanctuary What movement philosophy are they advocates for i Best Friends Animal Society 1 Formed in the 1970s 2 Several national campaigns 3 Companion animal sanctuary 4 33 000 acres ranch in Utah 5 1 700 animals 6 Dog Town Cat World 7 No More Homeless Pets 8 Advocate of the no kill philosophy F Do the national organizations discussed today fund local animal shelters Do they help these shelters at all What do these organizations do that local shelters cannot on their own i ASPCA AHA HSUS and Best Friends provide resources to help local animal shelters IMPORTANT TO KNOW THAT THEY ARE NO ASSOCIATED WITH ONE ANOTHER 1 grants training research etc 2 tackle national issues for a variety