ANTH 1023 1st Edition Lecture 5Outline of Last Lecture I. Important Terms and IdeasII. “Eating Christmas in the Kalahari” by Richard LeeIII. Interpretive Anthropology Outline of Current Lecture I. CommunicationII. Language and CultureIII. Language and Social StratificationCurrent LectureI. CommunicationoCommunication: the act of transmitting information-Everyone agrees with the language oCall system: the form of communication among nonhuman primates composed of a limited number of sounds that are tied to specific stimuli in the environment-Dolphins, monkeys, whales oHuman language is distinct in 3 ways:-Conventionality: the notion that, in human language, words are only arbitrarily or conventionally connected to the things for which they stand-Productivity: the ability of humans to combined words and sounds into meaningful utterances-Slang -Displacement: the capacity of all human languages to describe things not happening inthe present -Can talk about the past and future. Language and CultureoThere is no biological basis for learning one languageoLearning a language is more than just words and grammar. We also learn the social rules regarding languageoSpeech community: a group of people who share a set of norms and rules for the use of languageThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Example: Genie, locked in an attic for first 12 years of life, didn’t master languagebecause she was in the attic as a young child-Most of this language happens before the age of 6oLexicon: the total stock of words in a language-Ex. Brother-in-law. Language and Social StratificationoFrom a linguistic perspective, one way of speaking as good as the next-"I ain't got no money" v. "I don't have and money"oIn hierarchical societies, the most powerful group generally determines what is "proper" in language, thus stigmatizing variants of the languageoDialect: grammatical constructions that deviate from those used by the socially dominant group in a society-Standard American English (ex. Midwest)-African American Vernacular English (Ebonics): spoken by many African Americans, particular among those of rural or urban working-class backgrounds-Other dialects includes U.S. include Appalachian English, Pennsylvania Dutch English, Chicano English, etc.oCode-Switching: the ability of individuals who speak multiple languages to move seamlessly between them-Ex. Madea: Ebonics to Standard American