ANTH 1023 1st Edition Lecture 9Outline of Last Lecture I. TermsII. ForagingIII. PastorialismIV. HorticultureV. AgricultureVI. IndustrialismOutline of Current LectureI. EconomicsII. ReciprocityIII. Leveling Mechanism Current LectureI. EconomicsoEconomics: the study of the ways in which the choices people make combine to determine how their society uses its scarce resources to produce and distribute goods and servicesoEconomic system: the norms governing production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services within a society II. ReciprocityoReciprocity: a mutual give-and-take among people of equal statusoGeneralized reciprocity: giving and receiving goods with no immediate or specific return expected-Parent to child-Hunter and gatherers: Christmas in the Kalahari- share meals with everyoneoSocial distance: the degree to which cultural norms specify two individuals or groups should be helpful to, intimate with, or emotionally attached to one anotherThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.oBalance reciprocity: the giving and receiving of goods of nearly equal value with a clear obligation of a return gift within a specified time limit-Gift givingoKula Ring: a pattern of exchange among trading partners in the South Pacific IslandsoNegative reciprocity: exchange conducted for the purpose of material advantage and thedesire to get something for nothing-No intentions of returning a favor-Mostly happens among strangers: no social bond, less necessary to maintain a relationshipIII. Leveling mechanismoLeveling mechanism: a practice, value, or form of social organization that evens out wealth within a society-Ex. Gossip, witchcraft oRedistribution: an exchange in which goods are collected and then distributed to members of a groupoTribute: the rendering of goods (typically including food) to an authority such as a chiefoPotlatch: a form of redistrubution involving competitive feasting practiced among Northwest Coast Native