ANTH 1023 1st Edition Lecture 3 Outline of Last Lecture I. What is fieldwork?II. Early Anthologists III. Other important vocabulary Outline of Current Lecture I. Characteristics of CultureII. How Culture is LearnedIII. Symbolic CultureIV. SubculturesCurrent LectureI. Characteristics of Culture oCulture: the learned behaviors and symbols that allow people to live in groups. The primary means by which humans adapt to their environments. The way of life characteristic of a particular human society.-Textbook uses example of kids with severe autismoHabitus: the often taken-for-granted ways of acting that are required through both individual and social experienceoCharacteristics of Culture-Made up of learned behaviors-Cultures all involve symbols (material & nonmaterial: clothing, logos, seating, cross, Greek letters) -Patterned and integrated (to some degree) FUNCTIONALISM: lots of parts making a whole-Are in some way shared by members of a group-Cultures are in some way adaptive-All cultures are subject to changeII. How Culture is LearnedoEnculturation: the process of learning to be a member of a particular cultural group-Not much control over this-Transitions during life: ages (16,18,21,65), marriage-Ex. Inuit: ear pulling game: test stamina, strength, don't believe in scolding: believe it encourages rebellion, learn things on their own, anger and aggression is frowned uponIII. Symbolic CultureoSymbol: something that stands for something elseThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-Condense meaningoCultures are like a textoClifford Geertz said that culture is like "an ensemble of text… which the anthropologist strains over the shoulders of those whom they properly belong"oStories, language, gender, marriage oCultured is a shared system of norms and valuesoNorm: an ideal cultural pattern that influences behavior in a societyoValue: a culturally defined idea of which is true, right, and beautiful IV. SubculturesoSubculture: a system of perceptions, values, beliefs, and customs that are significantly different from those of a larger, dominant, culture within the same society-MEAN GIRLS: varsity jocks, plastics, etc.oTransculturation: the transformation of adopted cultural traits, resulting in new cultural forms-Gay marriage, abortion,