ARCH 2003 1st Edition Lecture 5Ancient Greece (continued)I. System of Orders A. Entablature 1. Cornice – top of column a. Projects out from the line of the wall b. Moldings 2. Frieze –middle of the column a. Room for decoration b. Has two pieces that alternate, the Triglyph and the Metope B. Column 1. Thickest part is at the bottom 2. Tapers towards the top 3. Floor of building called Stylobate 4. Greek temples usually have 3 thick steps the Stylobate being thethickest step 5. Flutes – Rigid lines that go vertically up and down the columns, whichwere carved after the column was built C. Doric Order 1. Columns, capitals, entablature 2. Doric Frieze a. Triglyph - “tablet” looks like the roman numeral 3 (III), three raised verticalshafts, must end at the corner b. Metope – Goes in between Triglyph, squares that are usually decorative,sometimes filled with sculptures II. Greek Temples A. Terminology 1. Stylobate – top step of the floor of the temple, everything sits onStylobate 2. Pteron- arrangement of columns that go around perimeter of building 3. Perpteral plan- specific arrangement of columns, two short sides, twolong sides B. Interior Spaces of Greek Temples 1. Pronaos- Front porch of the temple2. Naos- the sanctuary of the temple, the place where the statue ofthe god or goddess of the temple is placed (usually towards the back)Opisthodomos- rear porch, looks exactly like the front porch except It doesn’t have the same function, you cannot go to the naos from this porch, a solid wall divides it from the naos, considered a “false porchIII. Temple Of Hera A. Hera- queen of the gods, often goes by Juno B. Two temples were built for the same goddess C. First temple of Hera 1. “Archaic” – old fashion 2. Front is missing a pediment or a triangle formation that forms at the end ofthe roof 3. The front façade only has 9 columns (odd), it is an unwritten ruled all Greek temples must have an even amount of columns because it block the doorway orthe axis. a. 6 columns- hexastyle b. 8 columns- oxtastyle c. 9 columns- anayastyle 4. Row of columns down the middle of the Naos, leaves the question wherewould you put the statue? 5. Had different sized columns which were smaller but proportional 6. Considered “archaic” because its was exaggerated- doesn’t follow theusual procedure a. Curved column – Entasis, grossly exaggerated in this temple D. Second Temple of Hera 1. “Early Classic” Greek Temple – quality of design was much better than thefirst 2. East side (front) had 6 columns, entablature, exact Triglyphs, metopes,properly places projected cornice, and triangular pediment 3. West side (Back) was the exact same as the front 4. 3 different sizes of Greek Doric columns 5. Superimposed- one row of columns on top of another (inside