BIOL 1411 1st Edition Lecture 1Outline of Current Lecture I. What is Biology?a. Overarching Themesb. Characteristics of Living Thingsc. Hierarchy of Living Thingsd. Scientific MethodCurrent LectureI. What is Biology?Biology is the study of living thingsOverarching themes of Biology- Life is based on molecular interactions and obeys the universal laws of chemistry and physics. - Organisms have common cellular make-up and metabolic processes, including exchange of molecules with the extracellular environment, energy extraction, cell division, and cell-cell signaling mechanisms. - Organisms have a common form of genetic information that is used to specify all the proteins of an organism as well as their correct expression in time and space. - Organisms have a mechanism of transmission of genetic information that allows for bothstability and change in the encoded information. - All known living organisms are evolved from a single common ancestor, and the features of each have been shaped by natural selection. - Changes in the planet’s biota are reflected in the relationships among extant organisms, and this history is defined by chance and opportunity. b. Characteristics of Living Things- Common set of biomolecules - Cells enclosed by plasma membrane - Extract energy from the environment and perform molecular conversions - Genetic information encoded in molecular structure- History of and ability for evolutionary change- Regulation of internal environmentThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.c. Hierarchy within and among living thingsAtoms Molecules Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems OrganismPopulation Community Ecosystem Biosphere d. Scientific MethodInductive Logic- taking observations or facts and creating a new proposition that is compatible with those observations or factsDeductive Logic- starts with a statement believed to be true, thengoes on to predict what facts would also have to be trueHomeostasis- maintenance of this narrow range of conditionsProkaryotes- unicellular, enclosed by single outer membrane (bacteria)a) Bacteria- Everyday types of bacteria (e coli) b) Archae bacteria- ancient bacteria, live in hostile environmentsEukaryotes- outer membrane, have internal membranes that enclose specialized organelles (plants and
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