PSY 2403 1st Edition Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I. Dimensions of PersonalityII. Why Different Theories?Outline of Current Lecture I. Biography of FreudII. Levels of Mental LifeIII. Provinces of MindIV. Dynamics of PersonalityV. Defense MechanismsCurrent LectureI. Context/Biography of Freuda. Opposition to 19th century mainstreami. Conscious mindii. Mind = abstractioniii. We shouldn’t have to explain why we’re doing what we’re doing because we don’t know – it’s all in the unconsciousb. For Freud, the mind was separated into 3 parts:i. Unconsciousii. Preconsciousiii. ConsciousII. Levels of Mental Lifea. Unconsciousi. Beyond awareness and can only be accessed in disguised or distorted formii. Sources of unconscious processes1. Content that was never consciousThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2. Repression – experiences that are so overwhelming that your ego represses it3. Phylogenetic Endowment – material that comes from your human and prehumen ancestorsb. Preconsciousi. Not in awareness but can be (if mentioned)c. Consciousi. Directly available mental life, but plays a minor roleIII. Provinces of the Minda. The Idi. Pleasure Principle & Immediate Gratificationii. No thinking involvediii. Primary Process – primal urges, reduce anxiety instantly1. Reflex action (ex: sneezing)2. Wish Fulfillment – conjuring up an image from phylogenic endowment to temporarily satisfy the needb. The Egoi. Reality Principle & Delayed Gratificationii. Secondary Process – involves thinking and planningc. The Superegoi. The Idealistic Principle - perfectionismii. Conscience – everything you were punished foriii. Ego-Ideal – everything you were rewarded for IV. Dynamics of Personalitya. Instincts as psychic energyi. The stronger the instinct, the more the investment of psychic energyb. Physiological and Psychic energy can be transformed into the otheri. Sexual Instinct – Life instinct (Eros)ii. Destructive Instinct – Death instinct (Thanatos)c. Anxietyi. Signal to Ego of danger and requires responseii. 3 types of anxiety1. Realistic Anxiety: anxiety over real events that happened2. Neurotic Anxiety: fear of getting in trouble from somebody else3. Moral Anxiety: fear of self-punishment, guiltV. Defense Mechanismsa. Ego unable to handle tensionb. Tension reducersc. Characteristicsi. Unconsciousii. Distort realityd. Ego uses restraining forces to effect repressioni. Only when repression fails, the other defense mechanisms kick ine. Repression – ego blocking wish or desire from being consciously entertainedf. Projection – attributing an unconscious impulse, attitude or behavior to someone elseg. Reaction Formation – expression an impulse by its oppositeh. Regression – returning to an earlier form of expressing an impulse (ex: thumb sucking,bed-wetting)i. Rationalization – dealing with an emotion intellectually to avoid emotional involvementj. Identification – modeling behavior after someone else, actually believing that they arethat