01 1 23 0 4 5 44 67 88 9 5 7 88 7 A BC8 D BE10 F E 1 F G 13H4 G B 8 I 01 1 23 0 4 G 13H4 0 1 B JK 48 9 1J0 C 8 E 1 1 C 14C E10 1 L E10 M E 4 1 3 0 4 E 1 1 C 14C E 4C 10 1 4C 4 3 0 4 N O CM L 4C1 4 L EJ 3 B 0 E C EE C 1 BE104 G B 1 P Q R E 4 01C 6 G B 1 P Q R E 4 01C Hypothalamus releases Gunadotropian hormone GnRH Causing anterior pituitary gland releases follicle stimulating hormone FH and Luteinizing hormone LH goes to gonads target tissue Males testies Females ovaries Male Androgen hormones testosterone and Inhibin testosterone used in gamete production and effects other things like anatomy puberty sex drive aggression Females estrogens estrodiol and progesterone Estrogens used in gamete production effects other things such as anatomy water retention calcium metabolism 0 Hypothalamus GnRH FSH LH Leydig cells Sertoli cells Inhibin Spermatogenesis Negative feedback Negative feedback Anterior pituitary Testosterone Testis Figure 46 14 F E10 G 1 C S 6 1234 34 2 5356 738235 5 0 T Figure 46 15 3 Cleavage 4 Cleavage continues 5 Implantation Ovary 2 Fertilization Uterus 1 Ovulation a From ovulation to implantation Endometrium Endometrium Inner cell mass Cavity Blastocyst b Implantation of blastocyst Trophoblast U 44 B F E10 4 V GnRH estrogen levels are low feedback less GnRH sends less FSH and LH causing shedding of uterine lining FSH and LH Stimulate follicles to grow generaly one grows however can be more 7 Estrogen levels are high feedback which INCREASES GnRH which INCREASES FSH and LH spikes and triggers ovulation More estrogen stimulates the development of the uterine lining negitive feed back causing decrease in GnRH and FSH and LH In stage 6 if no fertilization corpus luteum breaks down and progesterone and estrogen are decreased which starts the cycle all over again fertilization occured here so estrogen and progtesterone are released to maintain the uterine lining so the uterus is prepared for the fetus S F M E1 4W 4 E 1 4 B C 134 B 1 L E10 C 1 CX 1 01C 1 4 B L Y M 4Z A4B CMB4 B L E1 W 1 3 N O0 L M E1 3 0 4W C E1QBEB CM M1 L 1 C 1 0 4M 0 C 3 C B OMB M 13 L CM E 4C 10 3 0 1 13 J 13 13 S 13 7 6 1 4 2 441 L 01 1 E 4C 1 C3 B 1003 1 4 SY 1a b 77 3 0 4 1 B 4 4C 4 B C FPR 1 5R 4C 1 B 0 14 4 cM3 EB MC E 1 4 J 1 0 1 3 1 1 C1 T 4C 10 1 d4C 4 23 0 4 4C 10 d4C 4 0B B 4M 1 M E 0B B 1J4 J 3 0 4 4M C E CM03 3 0 4 1 B1J0 4 Q 10 BC3 5 8 4 Q 10 BC3 5 0 0BEBC C L 0 B B 4C 4 B EJ 3 1 1 B 4 J3 4 B 4 EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT Sperm ATI O E G VA LEA C GA S TRU NO GA IS OR NES GE 2 EE dEJ 3 B e 0 E C PC1 4 Metamorphosis L D BE104 Larval TIL IZ Egg FER Adult frog N Zygote Blastula LAT stages ION Gastrula Tail bud embryo Figure 47 2 S dEJ 3 B e 0 E C PC1 4 Z F 0B 1 1 P E B44 0 4 C 1C 4 H4 C 013 C 1 M CM H4 014E1 E EJ 1 J P E JB 4 C C 4 4 4 L 0B 1 J3 CM 41E 4 B 4 U 034 E3 C4 1J E10 M E 4 E EJ 4 Z 20 1 1 6Z f14C 01 I E 013 L E1 C E Outer layer Have all 3 layers triploblast with bilateral symentry digestive tract E Have top two layers diploblasts with lateral symetry E 4 E Organs and such Z 1 4B4 I J B B L 1 0 E C T D BE10 F E 1 F 8 Y 01 1 23 0 4 G 13H4 0 1 B JK 48 9 1J0 C 8 E 1 1 C 14C L E10 4 1 L E10 4 E 1 1 C 14C E 4C 10 1 4C 4 3 0 4 N O CM L 4C1 4 L EJ 3 B 0 E C EE C 1 BE104 GMB N 1J C8 cM1C 1 1 1 C1 4 1 B41 1 C1 4 L E 4C 10 1 4C 4 3 0 4 V