PSYC 4620 Lecture 12 Outline of Current Lecture (ADHD)II. Diagnostic ConsiderationsA. Three Core CharacteristicsB. CriteriaC. Hyperactivity/Impulsivity or CombinedCurrent LectureII. Diagnostic ConsiderationsA. ADHD is fairly common (approx. 5% under the age of 18)a. Symptoms occur in childhood but carry on through adulthoodb. More common in boys than girlsB. Characterized by, or involves difficulties in: (must have 1 of the 2 symptoms)a. Self-Regulation – one’s own control of emotion, cognition and behavior, including both automatic and controlled processesi. Effortful Control – an especially important mechanism of self regulationb. Executive Function – cognitive processes underlying goal-directed behavior (some planned goal, think ahead, hold things in working memory)i. Inhibitionii. Working memoryiii. ShiftingC. Three Core Characteristics (used to be 3 “subtypes”)a. Inattention: lack of attention to detail, difficulty sustaining awareness of details (particularly when they aren’t interested in the topic), failure to listen, having organizational problems, distractibility, failure to complete activities or follow routine, forgetfulness, etcb. Hyperactivity: excessive behavior like running or jumping around in inappropriate context, squirming/fidgeting in seat, yelling or making other inappropriate noises, etcc. Impulsivity (big one in respect to peers): difficulty remaining seated, difficulty waiting in lines, interrupting others while talking, problems with sharing/taking turns, etc These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.D. Criteriaa. Must meet 5 or 6 (depending on age) of criteria for at least 6 monthsb. A number of the symptoms must be present in 2 or more situationsc. Must disturb/impair functioningd. Must be able to rule out other causes (anxiety, psychosis, ASD, etc)e. Must consider age/developmental leveli. Symptoms very common in young children (but will be extreme in kids with ADHD)ii. Still, nearly half “show” by age 4iii. Must occur before age 12 for diagnosis (but will see somethingsignificantly different by age 4)E. Associated with medical, behavioral, cognitive, and academic disordersa. Executive function problemsb. Motor deficitsc. Lower grades (“off” in terms of motor skills)d. More anxiety and depressionF. Hyperactivity/Impulsivity or Combined (both hyperactivity&impulsivity) Presentationsa. More likely than inattentive to: i. Have concurrent diagnosis of conduct problems (ODD, CD, etc)ii. Be placed in special education for behavioral issuesiii. Have family history of hyperactivity, aggression, substance abuse, etcb. Inattentive more likely to: i. Have learning disordersii. Memory problemsiii. Sequential processing (multiple step plan for functioning) problemsiv. Other cognitive