PSYC 4620 Lecture 11 Outline of Last Lecture II. Autism Spectrum Disordera. More on appearance/featuresb. Etiologyc. Assessmentd. TreatmentOutline of Current Lecture III. Intellectual Developmental Disorder and Learning Disordersa. Important terms/General informationb. Intellectual Developmental Disorderc. Zigler’s discussiond. Alternative Classification Approachese. Factorsi. Organicii. NonorganicCurrent LectureII. Intellectual Developmental Disorder and Learning Disordersa. Important terms/General informationi. Cognitive Development – general age-related trends in developmentii. Intellectual Development – individual differences observed among normally-developing children at every age1. Environmental trends constantly change, impacting intellectual developmentiii. Individual patterns of intellectual development are relatively stable by 4 or 5 years old1. Both heredity and environment contribute to this developmentb. Intellectual Developmental Disorderi. Involves significant deficits in Intellectual functioning and adaptive functioningii. Adaptive functioning refers to the ability to master age-appropriate tasks of daily livingiii. Most important distinction related to clinical presentation1. Mild, moderate, severe and profound levels of severityThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2. About 1% prevalencea. Of that 1%, 85% have mild and 10% moderate (5% are severe or profound)b. Generally occurring in males in the lower SES and minoritiesc. BABS – Bayley Adaptive Behavior Scale: gold standard in assessing developmentc. Zigler’s discussioni. Children with intellectual developmental disorder are similar to children without1. Emphasis of a holistic perspectivea. Taking into account the individual as a whole (contextual factors, outside influences)ii. The developmental-difference debate focuses on the nature of cognitive disability1. Developmental: specific stages every child progresses through2. Difference: every child is unique and individuald. Alternative Classification Approachesi. Some focus on the relation between genetic causes (genotype) and specific behaviors and symptoms (behavioral phenotype)ii. Examples of underlying genetic syndromes (organic causes, chromosomaldisorders) associated with intellectual developmental disorders are1. Down syndrome2. Williams syndrome3. Fragile X syndromee. Factorsi. Organic – physiological (generally related to poorer prognoses)1. Usually IQ below 502. Often accompanied by physical features3. Fail to reach milestones4. Need life-long supervision and care5. All SES levels6. Siblings tend to have average IQs7. 75% of these cases have documented biological cause8. Males and females are at equal ratesii. Nonorganic – familial/cultural1. Can include other factors such as normal range variability of intelligence and environmental changes2. Usually mild3. Tend to be low SES4. Siblings tend to perform at low levels5. Usually no organic cause6. Typically more responsive to social reinforcement, perform best when a tangible reward is offered (token economy), are outer-directed, and have low expectations of success while high expectancy of failure7. More common in