GOV 312L 1ST EditionLecture 9Outline of last lectureI. Concepts: States, sovereignty, nationalismII. Nationalism, world war I, and the breakup of the Ottoman EmpireIII. The UK (and the French) in the Middle eastIV. Paths to Statehood: Turkey, Egypt, Jordan & Iraq, IsraelOutline of Current lecture:I. Post Ottoman StatesII. Forms of rule: monarchies, republics, military regimesIII. Elite control vs popular participationI. Post Ottoman StatesTurkeyOttoman Empire loses in WWI, suffers the punitive treaty of Sevres (severs most of its territory.)They fight to regain land in Anatolia-> treaty of Lausanne. 1924 Ataturk- felt done with the way that the Ottoman empire had been rule. Wanted tosecularize the caliphate. He abolishes the caliphate. Ends Turkey as the center/model forreligious hierarchy.Jordan and IraqFormer Ottoman areas are divided into countries based on sykes-picot.Led initially by brothers Abdullah (Jordan) and Faisal (Iraq) from the Hashemite family.Palestine /IsraelRuled by BritishEgyptII. Forms of ruleMonarchies- hereditary ruleExamples: Ottoman empire, Jordan, Egpyt until 1952, Iraq until 1958Republics- rule by elected representativesExamples: Turkey, especially after 1950, Israel after 1948Qualifiers: semi democracies- military removed elected governments in Turkey in 1960, 1971, 1980, and 1997. Palestinians in West Bank and Gaza do not elect Israeli governments; Palestinians inside Israel have constrained political rights.Their economic situation: how do they put bread on the table?Their outlook and expectations: what kinds of gov do they consider acceptable*short lecture because professor had to leave