Part Structure Location FunctionEndoplasmicReticulum (ER)Smooth – w/o ribosomesRough – w/ ribosomesMembrane-bound flattened sacs, vesiclesInterconnected with the cell membrane, nuclear envelope, and other organellesTransports molecule from one cell part to anotherParticipates in synthesis of protein and lipid moleculesRibosomes Some are attached to EROthers are scatteredComposed of protein and RNA moleculesprotein synthesisGolgi apparatus Stack of about 6 flattened, membranous sacsCytoplasm, near ribosomesRefines, packages, and delivers proteins moleculesMitochondria Elongated, fluid-filledsacs moving slowly through the cytoplasmOuter and inner layer with cristae Very active cellsMuscle cellsMajor sites of chemical reactions that transform energy into a form cells can use (ATP)Lysosomes Tiny membranous sacs containing powerful enzymesCytoplasm "garbage disposal"break down nutrient molecules and foreignmaterialdestroy worn out cell partsPeroxisomes Membranous sacs Abundant in liver and kidney cellsHouse enzymes that speed up a variety of reactions Microfilaments/MicrotubulesThin, threadlike strandsCytoplasm Form the cytoskeletonm.filaments – provide cell movementCentrosomes Nonmembranous and consists of two hollowcylinders called centriolesNear golgi apparatus and nucleusFunction during mitosis to distribute chromosomesCilia / flagella Composed of microtubulesExtensions of cellsCilia fringe the free surfaces of some cellsFlagella are longerMovementPart Structure Location FunctionVesicles Membranous sacs formed by part of the cell membrane foldinginward and pinching offBubblelikeNear cell membrane Contain and transport various substancesNucleus Large, spherical structure enclosed in anuclear envelopeNear center of cell Houses DNA and directs all cell activityNuclear envelope double-layered membrane consisting of inner and outer lipid bilayer membranesSurrounds the nucleus Has protein channels that allow certain molecules to leave thenucleusNucleolus Small, dense body composed of RNA and proteinNo surrounding membraneForms in specialized regions of certain chromosomes within the nucleusRibosomes form in here, then migrate through nuclear pores to the cytoplasmChromatin Loosely coiled fibers of protein and DNAWithin nucleus Contains info for protein synthesisCell Membrane Phospholipids bi-layer Surrounds the cell Controls passage of materials into and out of the
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