Finish Emotion 1 hr video about Nero Science Memory Universal Expression of emotion Adaptive for animals including us Everything in terms of biology exists on a continuum we are on that continuum with animals What we do and demonstrate can be demonstrated by lower animals Before language the expression of emotional states and the receptivity of that expression by and to other animals survival o Approaching an animal wolf but not recognizing that it is angry death o Approaching someone for sex not recognizing he she is upset no sex no procreation o Humans angry low frequency sounds with loved ones babies high frequency sounds same with dogs aggressive submissive frequency relatively bark confusion neither positive negative don t know what s going on o In humans we all express in a non verbal sense there is a universality in terms of facial expression and posture no difference across cultures Doesn t mean that its not learned social learning its possible but not likely because very young infants express emotions in the same way as adults What impacts the expression of emotion Eliciting stimuli Actual or anticipated situations recollections Facial affect program pan cultural facial motor programs for happiness surprise anger etc Filter information expression mediation by culture specific display rules exaggerate laughing with others as opposed to laughing alone minimize deception counteract camouflage lying Brain and Expression of Emtion The Amygdala and frontal cortex are involved in the expression of motion and the recognition of facial expression and emotion o Two pathways Low rode Subcortical pathway thalamus amygdala allows the amygdala to detect threatening stimuli quickly without complete analysis of the stimulus can process threat immediately without needing to understand what is happening you don t need to know you need to react to survive High rode cortical processing thalamus cortex amygdala cortex processes information this allows you to shift your attention to potentially dangerous stimuli allows for processing appraisal Two routes to emotion Event Appraisal Emotional response Lazarus Schacher Singer Event Emotional response Jajonc Deloux o Physiological activation sympathetic parasympathetic o Expressive behavior o Subjective experience of emotional response VIDEO Not enough to look at the surface of the brain to see differences have to go inside Are we born with something that makes us innately different than other animals no we see vary similar capacities between human babies and animal babies and adults When children start learning language that s when we start seeing uniquely human capacities Bucket study star manipulating symbols in our minds language The brain takes 10 15 years for the brain to organize itself and specialize areas i e narrator s specific back left brain stimulation to incorrect grammar vs 6 year old Danica s reaction Why are humans so naturally adept at using tools o When we use a tool the brain automatically sees it as an extension of the body actively prepping the mucles that are involved in using the tool o Same brain area is active when using hands for task and tool for task o The part of the brain that works with tool use is very close in proximity with the language area o Our brain also preps are muscles when speaking when we speak our mouth prepares for the mouth shapes that will happen during the word even before the sound is made o Animism order to chaos random events we ascribe to nature what we see in other people MEMORY Any indication that learning has persisted over time through the storage and retrieval of information Prospective memory remembering things that we need to do in the future remembering things we haven t done Flashbulb memory clear memory of an emotionally significant moment or event not necessarily accurate but very vivid and detailed where were you during 9 11 memory is faulty and fallible We are not accurate about many of the things we think that are true we do not accurately depict the events of the world we have sensory perception filters that do not allow ALL information in during an event gorilla experiment beginning of quarter We are fallible and manipulable Video Implications for Personal Memory The power of suggestion overrides personal memory and desire Not only making them want something and make them believe that they ve always wanted it Memory is constructed in the here and now encode filter in the present time Memory Information Processing Encoding process of information into the memory system bringing stimuli into the brain rejoins that store memory At all times you are encoding info that is coming in through filters Storage This info can may or may not be stored You may remember information of the present in years later of you can forget it Retrieval there is a process of retrieval when you get info from memory banks from stored memory Odors are primarily inforetrieving stimulus based retrieval External events resolve in input to brain sensory memory attend to important novel information encoding short term memory further encoding long term memory The process of retrieving info from long term memory is returning it into short term memory Finish Emotion 1 hr video about Nero Science Memory