Neurology Study QuestionsInstructions: answer the following questions completely but briefly and with full sentences.1. Describe why it is important to correctly diagnose the seizure type prior to prescribing an antiseizure medication. What do you think is the major reason for treatment failure of seizure disorders? 2. Case: A patient who takes phenytoin for tonic clonic seizures, presents with nystagmus, ataxia and diplopia? In layman's terminology, what would you, the nurse, expect to see (ie. what do these terms mean)? How would you counsel a patient manifesting these ADRs? How would you monitor phenytoin (ie. what is the therapeutic drug level)? The patient complains that the gums are getting "big". What would you tell the patient? Since the patient's seizures are not controlled, the resident doctor wants to add carbamazepine and ethosuximide tothe regimen. Would you question the resident's drug choices? (Hint: what types of seizures can be treated with carbamazepine and ethosuximide)? What labs would you assess if the patient was on carbamazepine? What might you expectto find if these labs were abnormally low? 3. Case: A nurse administers medications to treat Parkinson's Disease to a patient. The patient's family requests more information on what is causing the tremor, unsteady posture and drooling that they see in the patient. In layman's terminology, how would you answer this question? How would you know treatment was effective/ineffective in this patient? The family state that they administer the levodopa/carbidopa with his steak and eggs or any other breakfast. What is the concern here? How would this interaction be manifested in this patient? What is the purpose of adding carbidopa and/or entacapone to levodopa? 4. Parkinson's Disease is the result of too little dopamine and too much acetylcholine. Therefore, the drugs to treat the disease can be divided into two main groups: the dopaminergic drugs that result in an increase in dopamine, and the anticholinergic drugs that result in a decrease in acetylcholine. Match the dopaminergic drug on the left with the correct mechanism of action on the right: 5. a. pramipexole (Mirapex) ___ inhibits COMTb. levodopa ___ promotes the release ofdopaminec. amantadine (Symmetrel) ___inhibits MAO-Bd. entacapone (Comtan) ___ dopamine receptor agoniste. selegiline (Eldepryl) ___ converts to dopamine 6. Briefly describe Myasthenia Gravis (MG) and Alzheimer's Disease. Both of these conditions are treated with what class of drugs? Describe the mechanism of action of these drugs. The adverse drug reactions of these drugs are often referred to as "cholinergic" or "muscarinic" effects. Describe these adverse drugreactions. Name a drug used for Myasthenia Gravis. Name a drug used for Alzheimer's Disease. How would you know treatment for Alzheimer's or MG was effective? How would you counsel a patient being treated for either disease? 7. Referring to Myasthenia Gravis, what is "cholinergic crisis"? How is it treated? What is "myasthenic crisis"? How is it treated? Why is edrophonium used in MG?8. Compare the cholinergic side effects with anti-cholinergic side effects. You should commit these to
View Full Document
Unlocking...