ANTH 1102 Lecture 14Outline of Last Lecture Video and Fossil Display Outline of Current Lecture I. Artifacts in ContextII. Reconstructing the pastIII. The Big PictureIV. SkullsCurrent LectureI. Artifacts in Contexta. Very important to establish context for artifacts/bonesb. To establish context: i. Surveys (including GPS surveying)ii. Excavationiii. Note takingiv. Data entryv. Virtual representations using computer modelingII. Reconstructing the Pasta. Methods involve discovery, recovery, description, and analysisb. Construct a hypothesis (story about what may have happened and why)c. Involves comparisons with contemporary evidenced. Use of theories about contemporary humans III. The Big Picturea. Climatic fluctuations over the past 6 million yearsb. Climate change propelled the evolution of modern humans (approximately 200 years ago) c. In the last 100 kya, wide fluctuations in climate allowed for the expansion of humans out of Africa and pushed humans onto different continentsd. Resulting genetic variation is gradual, subset of African variation IV. Skullsa. Robust australopithecines These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.i. Really strong chewing muscles (chewing seeds and nuts)b. Gracile australopithecines (used sharpened rock cores)i. Higher intelligence 2.5 myac. homo erectus made simple bifaces (1.7 mya to 300 kya)d. very little variation/innovation over a million years e. Homo erectus was 1st proto-human to leave Africai. Hunting meat f. Neanderthals evolve from Erectus in Europe (130kya) g. Homo sapiens sapiens appear in Africa around 200kya. i. They then migrate out of Africa around