ANTH 1102 Lecture 7Outline of Last Lecture I. White?II. 3 Expansions of “White” in the U.S.A.III. CensusIV. Language and RaceOutline of Current Lecture I. Markednessa. Sociolinguisticb. Morphemesc. Syntaxd. Phonologye. Race/ethnicityII. History of Legal Limitations on People of Non-European Descent a. 1639 lawb. American Indian Policies c. Mexican-American Ward. California Gold Rushe. Chinese Exclusion Act Current LectureI. Markednessa. Sociolinguistic markedness: the process by which some linguistic forms become understood as default white others contain an extra ”mark” to distinguish them. These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.-like how we hyphenate origins with American (African-American Asian-American, etc.) b. Marked morphemes (syllables): M Actor vs. Actress F, Waiter vs. Waitress, Steward vs. Stewardess -Female version has an extra morpheme (syllable) that MARKS it feminine -Male version is “unmarked” c. Marked syntax (words): Doctor vs. Female Doctor, Nurse vs. Male Nurse d. Marked phonology (sounds): Fourth floor vs fou( r )th floo( r ) did they pronounced the r? -could mark social status/class/occupation e. Markedness in talk about race/ethnicity: -names -accent -language variety/dialect I. History of Legal Limitations on People of Non-European Descent a. 1639 law prohibits blacks from carrying firearms (except in instances of Indian raids)b. Changing policies toward American Indians --treaties with Native American groups (1600s-1700s)--land dispossession (1700s-early 1800s)--reservation system was established (1800s) --forced assimilation programs (1800s-early 1900s) --cultural preservation programs reversed these polices (1930s-current) c. Mexican American War (1846-1848) -U.S. claims half of Mexico’s national territory --including 80 thousand Spanish-speaking people)d. California Gold Rush (1848) -land stripped of resources: raiding by Native American groups-Indenture act of 1850:basically legalized slavery of Indianse. Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 -law that prevented Chinese migrants from becoming U.S.
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