Situational LeadershipOverviewSUCCESSFUL LEADERSHIPSlide 4Task BehaviorRelationship BehaviorSlide 7Leadership VariablesSlide 9Interim SummarySlide 11Individual Performance ReadinessLevels of Performance ReadinessSlide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Performance ReadinessPerformance ReadinessSlide 20TellingSlide 22SellingSlide 24ParticipatingSlide 26DelegatingSlide 28Applying Proper Leadership StylesSlide 30SummarySituational Leadership Is:1Situational Situational LeadershipLeadership2OverviewOverview•Task and relationship behaviorsTask and relationship behaviors•Leadership variablesLeadership variables•Situational Leadership ModelSituational Leadership Model•Case study (optional)Case study (optional)•ExerciseExercise3SUCCESSFUL SUCCESSFUL LEADERSHIPLEADERSHIP ““The leader is one who mobilizes others toward a goal shared by leaders and followers.” The leader is one who mobilizes others toward a goal shared by leaders and followers.” — Gary Wills— Gary Wills Certain Trumpets: The Call of LeadersCertain Trumpets: The Call of Leaders“The task of leadership is not to put greatness into people, but to elicit it, for the greatness is there already.”“The task of leadership is not to put greatness into people, but to elicit it, for the greatness is there already.”— John Buchan— John Buchan4Task and Relationship BehaviorsTask and Relationship Behaviors5Involves:•Clearly telling people-What to do-How to do it-Where to do it-When to do it•Closely supervising performanceTask Behavior6Relationship BehaviorInvolves:• Listening to people• Providing support and encouragement• Facilitating involvement in problem solving and decision making7Leadership Variables8Leader/FollowerLeadership VariablesBossAssociates/Peers9Leadership Variables•Organization•Job demands•Time10Interim Summary• Task/Relationship behaviorTask/Relationship behavior• Leadership variablesLeadership variables11S3S1S4S2Low Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorHigh Task/ Low RelationshipBehaviorHigh Task/ High RelationshipBehaviorHigh Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorPROGRESSION TOWARD PERFORMANCE READINESS (High) (Low)(Moderate)R4R1R2R3THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES(High)TASK BEHAVIOR (High)(Low)RELATIONS HIPBEHAVIORFOLLOWERS12 Individual Performance Readiness•Ability: Knowledge Skills Experience•Willingness: Confidence,CommitmentMotivation13Levels of Performance ReadinessR1: Unable and insecure, or unwillingR2: Unable, but confident or willingR3: Able, but insecure or unwillingR4: Able, confident and willing: ready to achieve14Levels of PerformanceReadinessR1 Unable and Insecure, or Unwilling15Levels of Performance ReadinessR2 Unable – but Confident or Willing16Levels of Performance ReadinessR3Able – but Insecure or Unwilling17Levels of Performance ReadinessR4 Able, Confident and Willing Ready to Achieve18 Performance Readiness•R1 Unable - Insecure orUnwilling •R2 Unable – but Confident•R3 Able – but Insecure or Unwilling•R4 Able and Confident, Willing and Ready to Achieve19Performance ReadinessPerformance ReadinessTransition from R1/R2 to R3/R4:•Transforms performance from leader-directed to self-directed•Causes range of emotionsTransition between each level: •Challenges leader’s “timing” in employing confidence-building techniques•Is Not Linear – leader may have to react to several performance levels simultaneously20S3S1S4S2Low Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorHigh Task/ Low RelationshipBehaviorHigh Task/ High RelationshipBehaviorHigh Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorPROGRESSION TOWARD PERFORMANCE READINESS (High) (Low)(Moderate)R4R1R2R3THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES(High)TASK BEHAVIOR (High)(Low)RELATIONS HIPBEHAVIORFOLLOWERS21Telling •High task, low relationship-oriented•One-way communication •Leader solves problems, makes all key decisions•Leader directs, then guides roles of followers as they progress22S3S1S4S2Low Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorHigh Task/ Low RelationshipBehaviorHigh Task/ High RelationshipBehaviorHigh Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorPROGRESSION TOWARD PERFORMANCE READINESS (High) (Low)(Moderate)R4R1R2R3THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES(High)TASK BEHAVIOR (High)(Low)RELATIONS HIPBEHAVIORFOLLOWERS2321Selling•High task, high relationship-oriented•Two-way communications opened•Leader hears followers’ suggestions, ideas and opinions•Leader maintains control over decision making, but employs persuasion and explains actions24S3S1S4S2Low Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorHigh Task/ Low RelationshipBehaviorHigh Task/ High RelationshipBehaviorHigh Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorPROGRESSION TOWARD PERFORMANCE READINESS (High) (Low)(Moderate)R4R1R2R3THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES(High)TASK BEHAVIOR (High)(Low)RELATIONS HIPBEHAVIORFOLLOWERS2523Participating•High relationship, low task behavior•Focus of control shifts to follower•Follower has ability and knowledge to do a task•Leader actively listens – builds confidence26S3S1S4S2Low Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorHigh Task/ Low RelationshipBehaviorHigh Task/ High RelationshipBehaviorHigh Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorPROGRESSION TOWARD PERFORMANCE READINESS (High) (Low)(Moderate)R4R1R2R3THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES(High)TASK BEHAVIOR (High)(Low)RELATIONS HIPBEHAVIORFOLLOWERS27DelegatingLow task/low relationship style – •Followers make key decisions, implement •Leader:- Gets updates from followers- Offers resource support- Delegates tasks judiciously- Encourages risk-taking and independent thought28S3S1S4S2Low Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorHigh Task/ Low RelationshipBehaviorHigh Task/ High RelationshipBehaviorHigh Relationship/ Low TaskBehaviorPROGRESSION TOWARD PERFORMANCE READINESS (High) (Low)(Moderate)R4R1R2R3THE FOUR LEADERSHIP STYLES(High)TASK BEHAVIOR (High)(Low)RELATIONS HIPBEHAVIORFOLLOWERS29Applying Proper Applying Proper Leadership StylesLeadership Styles •What do you want to accomplish?•What is the group's performance level? •What leadership action should you take? •What is the result of your leader style? •Do you need to follow up?30Leader Style – How to Act Task Behaviors: Relationship Behaviors: Set Goals Give Support Organize Communicate Set Timelines Facilitate Direct Actively Listen Control Provide Feedback31SummarySummary•Task and relationship behaviorsTask and relationship behaviors•Leadership variablesLeadership variables•Situational Leadership ModelSituational Leadership Model•Case