Motivation 1 Overview What is Motivation Motivation Theories Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs McGregor s Theory X and Theory Y Tips for Motivating Subordinates Case Study 2 Webster s Definition MOTIVATION an impulse emotion desire or psychological need acting as incitement to action Kanfer s view motivation is anything that provides direction intensity persistence 3 Motivation Defined Getting people doing what needs to be done because they want to do it MOTIVATION IS INTERNAL 4 Motivation s Three Steps Begins with need Action to address need Need satisfied 5 Motivation Defined Motivation Chain Ability Desire Reward 6 Psychological Schools of Thought Psychoanalytic outside influences affect Motivation Behaviorist behavior modification affects motivation Human Relations allowing more individual authority affects motivation 7 Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs 8 MASLOW S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS Self Actualization Ego Belonging Safety Survival 9 SUPERVISORY QUALITIES ENHANCED BY KNOWING A lower level need must be satisfied before the next higher level becomes important in motivating behavior and Only relatively unsatisfied needs are capable of motivating people 10 Self Actualization Ego Belonging Safety Survival 11 SURVIVAL Food Clothing Shelter 12 Self Actualization Ego Belonging Safety Survival 13 SAFETY Physical Safety Home Health From Harm Psychological Safety Job Insurance Retirement Savings 14 Self Actualization Ego Belonging Safety Survival 15 BELONGING Love Acceptance Approval Warmth 16 Self Actualization Ego Belonging Safety Survival 17 ESTEEM EGO Recognition Worth Status Self Respect 18 Self Actualization Ego Belonging Safety Survival 19 SELF ACTUALIZATION Personal Growth Self Fulfillment Realizing Potential 20 A lower level need must be satisfied before the next higher level becomes important in motivating behavior and Only relatively unsatisfied needs are capable of motivating people 21 McGregor s Theory X and Theory Y 22 McGregor s Theory X People by nature don t like to work People lack ambition and must be coerced or forced to work People prefer to be told what to do People resist change People are gullible and not overly intelligent 23 McGregor s Theory X Hard Approach Coercion Tight controls over behavior 24 McGregor s Theory X Soft Approach Satisfying People s Demands Achieving Harmony 25 McGregor s Theory Y People may actively seek work instead of avoiding it People prefer participative management People prefer setting their own goals People seek responsibility 26 McGregor s Theories A Comparative Snapshot Theory X External control Hard and soft approach Theory Y Internal or self control Environment approach Create opportunities 27 Tips for Motivating Followers Start with a goal or mission Make the task clear Match the people with the task Remove the roadblocks Give positive feedback 28 Tips for Motivating Followers Give more responsibility when appropriate Let people work independently Recognize achievements contributions Don t make promises you can t keep Be a good role model 29 SUMMARY What is Motivation Motivation Theories Maslow s Hierarchy of Needs McGregor s Theory X and Theory Y Motivational Examples Tips for Motivating Subordinates Case Study 30