BIOL 460 1nd Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I Monoamine Neurotransmitters Outline of Current Lecture I Mesolimbic Dopamine System II Norepinephrine III Amino Acid Neurotransmitters Current Lecture Monoamine Neurotransmitters Continued 1 Mesolimbic dopamine system a Neurons of this system are in tegmentum of mesencephalon close to substantia nigra b Limbic system i Masses of gray matter deep in forebrain ii Telencephalon and diencephalon iii Involved in emotions c Behavior and reward reward system i Teaching signal in chordates ii Increasing change of reproductive survival reward d Addictive drugs work on this system i Cocaine dopamine transport blocker ii Blocks reuptake of dopamine enhancing amount of dopamine in synapse 2 Norepinephrine a NTM of sympathetic neurons of autonomic nervous system i Innervates cardiac muscle smooth muscle and glands ii IPSP b Brain in central nervous system CNS stimulates general behavioral arousal i Attention and focus c ADD attention deficit disorder i Psychostimulate medicines 1 Ritalin dopamine reuptake inhibitor 2 Strattera prevents reuptake of norepinephrine from synaptic cleft less potential for abuse These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute 3 Adderall mix of amphetamines enhance presence of all monoamines out of synaptic cleft Amino Acid Neurotransmitters NTMs 1 Excitatory EPSPs a Aspartic acid don t need to know b Glutamic acid after it release proton it becomes glutamate NTM i Involved in learning and memory ii Receptor is ionotropic ion channel is inside or part of receptor 1 Channels open and generate EPSP iii Synaptic plasticity idea that synapses aren t as cut and dry 1 Retrograde transmission if post synaptic cell produced NTM that would act on presynaptic cell 2 Long term potentiation more use of the synapse is used the more efficient it is a E g riding a bike or shooting a basketball 2 Inhibitory a Glycine i NTM involved with spinal cord ii Receptor is ionotropic contains chloride channels IPSP iii Somatic motor neurons involved in muscle contraction 1 Flaccid paralysis muscles are like jelly and wont contract a Quarry blocks nicotinic receptor 2 Spastic paralysis all muscles contract at the same time there is no movement they quiver a Tetanus bacterium produces toxin that disrupts the SNARE fusion complex NTM doesn t function to cause an IPSP spastic paralysis b Strychnine i Block glycine receptor protein spastic paralysis ii Diaphragm contracted can t relax can t exhale
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