Psych 322 Lecture 4 Outline of Last Lecture I. Psychological viewpoints & research methodsOutline of Current Lecture II. AssessmentA. Clinical assessment III. Assessment approachesA.Classical categorical B.DimensionalC.Prototypical IV.Beginning to Diagnostic & statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM)Current LectureII. AssessmentA. Clinical assessment: thje systematic evaluation and measurement of psychological difficulties of an individual. The purpose of assessment is generally diagnosis: the process of determining whether a problem meets the criteria for a psychological disorder.- In initial clinical assessment:- identify the main dimensions of the clients problem- predict the likely course of events under various conditions- establish baselines for psychological functions so that the effects of treatment can be measured.III. Assessment approachesA. Classical categorical approach: one set of criteria per disorder. You either have it or you don’t.B. Dimensional approach: various criteria rated on a scale (1-10) this creates a profile (MMPI). The MMPI: test that asks patient yes/no qs. C. Prototypical Approach: some prototypical criteria and a number of others ie: Chinese menu (set of choices from which the user makes multiple selections, specifically one or more choice from each of two or more distinct categories)These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.Different assessors need to be able to assign the same diagnosis to the same person: - Interrater reliability: same decision made by more than one person. - Test-retest reliability: Initial test gets same results as any following tests.Problem: poor training, inconsistency, poorly operationalized categories, use different info.Solution: standardization – norms set for particular interview or test. Give test/interview to many people to get average. Standards guarantee equality of test situation among clients.IV. Beginning to Diagnostic & Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)(DSM-5 is current volume)- manual describes a widely used classification to diagnose mental disorders.- “Medical Model”- categorical/prototypical classification system Comorbidy: people who meet criteria for more than one disorder- Presence of this can represent important relationships between well-validated disorders. Also can be the result of poorly defined