PHY 102 1st Edition Lecture 2 Outline of Last Lecture I Basis of Scientific Knowledge v Faith A Examples of when human reasoning is limited B Examples of evidence of the earth spinning Aristotle II What is necessary for knowledge a Right reason b Quote from Blaise Pascal III Fallacies in reasoning knowledge Outline of Current Lecture IV Celestial Motions C Sun Patterns a Daytime sky b Rotation of the earth D Equinoxes E Moon Patterns Current Lecture I II Celestial Motions a Sun Patterns i Daytime sky noon not necessarily 12 00 is when the sun is due south 1 AM ante meridiam before the meridian 2 PM post meridiam passes the meridian ii Rotation of the earth is NOT proven by the motion of the sun iii Sun does NOT rise due east or set due west every day Equinoxes a September 21 first day of autumn for us spring for southern hemisphere 1 At noon its altitude is 50 2 12 hours of daylight 12 hours of darkness 3 Equinox every place has 12 hours day 12 hours night 4 Sun is over the tropic of Capricorn b December 21 first day of winter 1 Sun rises almost southeast 2 At noon its altitude is 26 3 9 hours 20 minute sunlight These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute III IV 4 Seasons are NOT changed by the sun earth distance caused by the amount of sunlight c March 21 exact same pattern as September 21 d June 21 first day of summer 1 Sun rises almost in the northeast 2 Midday elevation is 73 3 Sunset is almost in the northwest 4 15 hour sunlight 9 hours darkness Moon Patterns a Moon moves westward like the sun but has an eastern motion as well 13 degrees east each evening b Phases of the Moon i New crescent half moon gibbous full Star Patterns a Entire eastern skyline stars rise b Stars are highest when on the meridian c Entire western skyline stars set d Stars in the northern sky stay almost still in the sky and revolve around the north star in a counter clockwise direction i The North Star is at an angle equal to our latitude so at 45 latitude the North Star is at 45 altitude e Sigma octentis southern star that marks the south pole
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