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ISU PHY 102 - Simple Harmonic Oscillation
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PHY 102 1st EditionOutline of Last LectureI. Gravitya. EquationsII. Orbital VelocityIII. Escape VelocityIV. ExamplesV. Sample ProblemsOutline of Current Lecture I. Simple Harmonic Oscillationa. SHO definitionb. Periodc. Examplesi. Hooke’s Lawii. PendulumII. Waveform Termsa. Properties of wavesb. DefinitionsIII. Sound as an Analogya. Tuning forkb. Sound wavesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.c. Types of wavesIV. Wave FormsCurrent LectureI. Simple Harmonic Oscillationa. Simple Harmonic Oscillator (SHO) is anything repetitive movement with a restoring force proportional to displacementb. In order to have a SHO you have to have a restoring force (force that pulls back tothe equal distance)i. If the force is equal to the displacement then it is a SHOc. Periodi. How long the SHO takes to go from one side to the other side if a pendulumii. Can be measured from the center and must move in the same directiond. Examplesi. 1 – spring, F = -k∆ x where F is the force supplied by a spring. (Force on a spring is k∆ x.)SpringWeight1. Hooke’s Law – F =k∆ x because the slope of the N/m graph is k *∆ xii. 2 – pendulum (at small angles)1. –tanθ = F/mg therefore F = mgθ (small angle approximation– angles less than 20 degrees)2. When the angle is more than 20 degrees the math relationship forthe period of a pendulum (P = 2π√l/ g) holds trueII. Waveform Termsa. λ – wavelengthb. ς – speed of light i. how fast a wave propagates ii. 300,000 km/sec – rate of motion of crests or troughsiii. Sound travels at 330 m/s or 1000 ft/sc. τ – time between passage of successive crestsd. ν – number of crest passages per unit timee. Α – distance from level of crest to level of troughIII. Sound as an analogya. Frequency is most closely associated with pitchb. As a tuning fork is struck, the sound waves strike the air and scatter it in all directionsc. Various wavelengths are perceived as various frequencies and various pitchesd. Reason for sound is the friction through the aire. Energy leaves from the vibrating fork and into oscillating in the airi. Temperature of the air imperceptibly increasesii. Energy is still conservedf. Amplitude – how loud something isIV. Wave Formsa. Wave forms:i. Longitudinal (compressional motion)ii. Transverse (side-to-side motion)b. Examples:i. A water wave is a transverse waveii. Sound is a compressional wavec. Longitudinal wave – compressional back and forth, not side to sideV. Relationshipsa. F = 1/Tb. Energy propagated by a wave is proportional to


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ISU PHY 102 - Simple Harmonic Oscillation

Type: Lecture Note
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