Slide 1Slide 2Slide 3Slide 4Homework (I)1.What is the essential feature of separations?2. What is the driving force for separative transport?3.What are the basic limitations for separation?4. Compare analytical and preparative separations.5. Calculate the entropy change that accompanies the separation of four components from one another in an ideal solution containing one moleof each. When separated, each component occupies one-quarter of original volume. Deduce from your results whether or not the separation is thermodynamically spontaneous. 6. Sufficiently diluted, ethyl acetate has an equilibrium concentration at 20 oC in an isobutanol-rich phase that is 7.2 times higher than that in a water-rich phase. What is the value Δμo of for the transfer other ethyl acetate from water to isobutanol solutions?7. Explain the intermolecular interactions: London force, Dipole-dipole interaction, Induction interaction, Hydrogen bonds, and acid-base interactions.8. Explain the mathematical physical basis for each of the following statement. Be as specific as possible in your answers, using equations where appropriate. (a) Acetic acid (CH3COOH) has much a higher boiling point and melting point than ethane (CH3CH3). (b) “like” dissolves “like”.Ethane 30.07 0.572 1.0377 -88.6Propane 44.11 0.5853 1.2898 -42.1Butane 58.12 0.6012 1.3326 -0.5Pentane 72.15 0.6262 1.3575 36.1Hexane 86.18 0.6603 1.3751 69.0Heptane 100.21 0.6837 1.3878 98.4Octane 114.23 0.7025 1.3974 125.7CCl4 153.81 1.5867 1.4601 76.8Br2 159.81 3.1190 1.6610 58.8CS2 76.14 1.2632 1.6319 46.2H20 18.02 1.0000 1.3330 100.0Methanol 32.04 0.7914 1.3288 65.0Benzene 78.12 0.8765 1.5011 80.1CompoundMW(g/mol)Density(g/mL)RefractiveIndexBoiling Points(oC)9. The following data is give for a series of n-alkanes (ethane…octane) and other miscellaneous compounds:(a) Using this data, calculate the value of Vi and (αi)v for each compound. which of these compounds are the most polarizable? The least polarizable?(b) Make a polt of Vi vs. carbon number (n) for the n-alkanes. What is the responseObtained? (c) Calculate the value of EL/CL for each compound.(d) Make a plot of boiling point vs. EL/CL for the n-alkanes. What is the response obtained?(e) For the other compounds listed in the table, use the plot made in “d” to estimateThe value of their boiling pints. How do these estimates compare with the true boilingPoint values? Which compounds show good agreement and with show poor agreement? How do you explain these differences?10. Rank the following solvents in terms of their solubility for dimethyl sulfoxides (δ = 12.0 (cal/cm3)1/2): Water, Methanol, Cyclohexane, Carbon tetrachlotide. Use calculations to prove your answers.11. What is the maximum solubility of trichloromethane (δ = 9.3) in water and benzene at 25 0C? How do those results compare? Explain the results obtained.12. Iodine has a solubility of 1.32 X 10-3 M in water and 0.115 M in carbon tetrachloride. Estimate the value of the distribution constant when iodine is placed in a mixture of these two solvents. How does this value compare to the true distribution constant of 82.6? 13. A solute with a value of δ = 14.3 is to be extracted from water with carbon tetrachloride. The extraction is t be performed at 25 0C. The molecular weight and density of the compound are 165 g.mol and 1.25 g/ml, respectively. Calculate the distribution coefficient for this compounds.14. Put a nanotube with uniform pore of square cross section (length of the tube =20μm, side length of the pore=80 nm) in a solution containing 1nM of polystyrene latex pheres (diameter=20 nm). Assuming no interactions between the spheres and the nanotube, calculate the amount of polystyrene latex spheres inside the nanotube. If decrease the diameter of the polystyrene latex spheres, what is the results?15. For thin rods of length l, it can be shown that L = l/2. Estimate K for fibrinogen, which can be approximated as a thin rod of length 70 nm, partitioning into a porous solid with s= 0.12/nm. What does K change to if all pore dimensions are exactly doubled in size? Assume the applicability of the random-plane of pore