PowerPoint PresentationSlide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Separation Methods Based on Distributions in Discrete Stages (9/13/13)1. Chemical Separations: The Big Picture Classification and comparison of methods2. Fundamentals of Distribution Separations3. Separation Methods Based on Distributions in Discrete Stages Such as solvent extraction and distillation4. Introduction to Distribution Separations in chromatographic methods. The plate theory, the rate theory; van Deemter's equation.Selectivity of Nanotubes?ΔG = ΔHi – TΔSi00 0--Non-affinityΔHi= 0EnantiomersAffinity ChromatographyInsert matrixAntibodyEnantiomer withLow affinity to the antibodyEnantiomer withhigh affinity to the antibodyAffinityΔHi< 0nanotubeProblem Solving and ResearchA scientific research activity:ObservationQuestions HypothesisExperimentsSummaryProblem solving: Questions HypothesisExperimentsSummary1. Understanding concepts and formulas 2. Logical Analysis Formal logic laws: (a) A event is determined by many parameters; (b) All the parameters have some sort of connection between each other. Basic method for problem solving:1. Understanding the question.2. Lay out the parameters regarding this question.3. Try to use concepts and formulas to find the connections.4. Solving the question.Gel ElectrophoresisNanoparticles: the model system for understanding protein separationAssign the components on the Gel bands without TEM Zanchet, D.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. B. ; 2002, 106(45); 11758-117631. Understanding the question.10 nm5 nm3% agarose gelGel ElectrophoresisAgarose GelAgarose:polysaccharide 2. Lay out the parameters regarding this question.bis(p-sulfonatophenyl)phenylphosphinePSO3SO3--Surface of Nanoparticles2. Lay out the parameters regarding this question.Gel ElectrophoresisAssign the components on the Gel bands without TEM Δμi = ΔHi – TΔSi00 0--2. Lay out the parameters regarding this question.3. Try to use concepts and formulas to find the connections.= exp -Δμi - Δμi0RTextK10 nm5 nmΔμi = ΔHi – TΔSi00 0--= exp -Δμi - Δμi0RTextKColumbic force: external electric fieldF=q*E, q the amount of charges on a particle, E: Intensity of field Intermolecular interactions (friction force)2. Lay out the parameters regarding this question. 3. Try to use concepts and formulas to find the connections.Entropy effectGel ElectrophoresisAssign the components on the Gel bands without TEM Δμi = ΔHi – TΔSi00 0--Analyze the question= exp -Δμi - Δμi0RTextK10 nm5 nmAssign the components on the Gel bands without TEM ???4. Answer the questionZanchet, D.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. B. ; 2002, 106(45); 11758-11763Assign the components on the Gel bands without TEM ??4. Answer the questionZanchet, D.; et al. J. Phys. Chem. B. ; 2002, 106(45); 11758-11763Assign the components on the Gel bands without TEM J. Am. Chem. Soc.; 2004; 126(35); 10832-10833?J. Phys. Chem. B. ; 2002, 106(45);