This review is entirely student made It is not intended to replace your own studying for the final exam This review may or may not contain material on the final exam Psyc 340 Final Exam Review New Old Final Exam May 7th 8 00am Psyc 340 Review Exam 1 Why is learning important Survivial Compare and Contrast Nativism vs Empiricism Nativism innate Empiricism acquired through knowledge Maybe she s born with it maybe its Maybelline Maybe she s born with it maybe its empiricism What did plato think What did Aristotle think Plato nativist Aristotle Empiricist What did Descartes propose Describe it What is the implication Descartes Dualism mind and soul are separate entities 1 Aspects of human behavior could be described by physical laws b c is physical in nature 2 Can also be comparative What is Lloyd Morgan s canon Basically keep it simple The easiest path is the most traveled What did Locke propose Hartley James Mill John Stuart Mill Describe each 1 This review is entirely student made It is not intended to replace your own studying for the final exam This review may or may not contain material on the final exam Locke associationism connectionism all knowledge acquired through association Hartley contiguity stimuli must be close together in time Repetition more repetitions result in stronger associations b w stimuli James vividness AKA salience John Stuart mental chemistry whole is greater than the sum of its parts What is systematic introspection problems with it Basically Not publically verifiable Subjective experience No access to unconscious processes What did Thorndike propose Briefly describe Law of Effect If response is in the presence of stimulus is followed by satisfying event the association is strengthened Conversely If response is in the presence of stimulus is followed by an annoying event the association is weakened What are the schedules of reinforcement Fixed Ratio certain number of responding across time stairstep Fixed Interval fixed amount of time elapses dip in response when there is fair probability of NOT being reinforced then increase in responding around time of receiving reinforcement scallop Variable Interval amount of time it takes to receive reinforcer is in different intervals line small slope Variable Ratio number of responses to receive reinforcers varies unpredictable highest slope What are stimulus preexposure effects Examples When exposure to a stimulus prior to training increases or decreases the response Habituation Sensitization What is stimulus generalization 2 This review is entirely student made It is not intended to replace your own studying for the final exam This review may or may not contain material on the final exam responding when a stimulus is changed Describe short and long term dishabituation and spontaneous recovery short decays or recovers within a few minutes hours simpler processes long decays or recovers over days weeks years reflects complex processes Psyc 340 Review Exam 2 1 Why do we study learning in invertebrates 1 simple nervous systems 2 large neurons 3 invariant neualanatomy 2 What is an aplysia The studied reflex Habituation and sensitization in this organism marine snail gill withdrawal reflex habituation to tactile touch of either the mantle shelf or siphon sensitization from shock to tail 3 The sensory neuron is presynaptic The motor neuron is postsynaptic 4 What role does the facilitatory interneuron play in sensitization mediates the release of neurotransmitters through the sensory neurons 5 Know basic neural functioning structure of neuron in front cover of textbook resting potential how action potential travels through neuron K channels Na channels Ca channels 6 What causes an increase in Ca What does an increase of Ca do Increase in serotonin receptors on the SN decrease flow K out of cell increase duration of the action potential increase duration Ca channels are open increase transmitters released increase vigor of motor response 7 Understand the flow charts posted on the FB group 3 This review is entirely student made It is not intended to replace your own studying for the final exam This review may or may not contain material on the final exam 8 How does long term sensitization habituation effect structural modifications Repeated exposure enacts a biological cascade that turns genes on and off see flow charts on FB page for exact explanation 9 Conditioned analgesia is seen in what processes drug tolerance also the release of endogenous opioids 10 What is conditioned diminution of the UR once the CS is conditioned presentation of the CS reduces how vigorous the CR picture 11 What are four examples of pavlovian conditioning in the laboratory Outside the lab Be able to briefly explain each one 8 total 1 Conditioned Emotional Responses AKA Fear Conditioning 2 Eyeblink Conditioning 3 Sign Tracking autoshaping Goal Tracking KNOW THE DIFFERENCE 4 Taste preferences and aversions also place preferences and aversions 5 Conditioned changes in blood pressure 6 Conditioned Salivation 7 Emotional Responses 8 Conditioning with the perceptual system bars and colors 12 What are the formal properties of pavlovian conditioning 1 The behavioral modification depends on a form of neural plasticity 2 The modification depends on the organism s experiential history 3 a The modification outlasts extends beyond the environmental contingencies used to induce it b The experience has a lasting effect on performance 4 Imposing a temporal relationship between two stimuli S1 S2 alters the response elicited by one or both stimuli 13 What is conditioned inhibition How do we measure it through inference What tests do we use to understand inhibition Be able to explain each inhibition is where the CS predicts the absence of a US in contrast to conditioning where a CS predicts a US Conditioned suppression the suppression of behaviors Ex fear causes rats to freeze suppressing other behaviors 4 This review is entirely student made It is not intended to replace your own studying for the final exam This review may or may not contain material on the final exam Summation Test compound stimulus Test Retardation Test 14 Be able to distinguish between S S relationships and S R relationships Which is pavlovian Which is instrumental How do we test this This is in the notes on page 10 11 also in the textbook notes on pg 6 Tests involve US devaluation and omisson control procedure 15 What procedure uses yoking Also what is yoking Omission control procedure