This is now complete I didn t briefly describe the things because I can t do all the work for you I hope this helps everyone Psyc 340 Review Exam 2 1 Why do we study learning in invertebrates 1 simple nervous systems 2 large neurons 3 invariant neualanatomy 2 What is an aplysia The studied reflex Habituation and sensitization in this organism marine snail gill withdrawal reflex habituation to tactile touch of either the mantle shelf or siphon sensitization from shock to tail 3 The sensory neuron is presynaptic The motor neuron is postsynaptic 4 What role does the facilitatory interneuron play in sensitization mediates the release of neurotransmitters through the sensory neurons 5 Know basic neural functioning structure of neuron in front cover of textbook resting potential how action potential travels through neuron K channels Na channels Ca channels 6 What causes an increase in Ca What does an increase of Ca do Increase in serotonin receptors on the SN decrease flow K out of cell increase duration of the action potential increase duration Ca channels are open increase transmitters released increase vigor of motor response 7 Understand the flow charts posted on the FB group 8 How does long term sensitization habituation effect structural modifications Repeated exposure enacts a biological cascade that turns genes on and off This is now complete I didn t briefly describe the things because I can t do all the work for you I see flow charts on FB page for exact explanation hope this helps everyone 9 Conditioned analgesia is seen in what processes drug tolerance also the release of endogenous opioids 10 What is conditioned diminution of the UR once the CS is conditioned presentation of the CS reduces how vigorous the CR picture 11 What are four examples of pavlovian conditioning in the laboratory Outside the lab Be able to briefly explain each one 8 total 1 Conditioned Emotional Responses AKA Fear Conditioning 2 Eyeblink Conditioning 3 Sign Tracking autoshaping Goal Tracking KNOW THE DIFFERENCE 4 Taste preferences and aversions also place preferences and aversions 5 Conditioned changes in blood pressure 6 Conditioned Salivation 7 Emotional Responses 8 Conditioning with the perceptual system bars and colors 12 What are the formal properties of pavlovian conditioning 1 The behavioral modification depends on a form of neural plasticity 2 The modification depends on the organism s experiential history 3 a The modification outlasts extends beyond the environmental contingencies used to induce it b The experience has a lasting effect on performance 4 Imposing a temporal relationship between two stimuli S1 S2 alters the response elicited by one or both stimuli 13 What is conditioned inhibition How do we measure it through inference What tests do we use to understand inhibition Be able to explain each inhibition is where the CS predicts the absence of a US in contrast to conditioning where a CS predicts a US Conditioned suppression the suppression of behaviors Ex fear causes rats to freeze suppressing other behaviors Summation Test compound stimulus Test Retardation Test 14 Be able to distinguish between S S relationships and S R relationships Which is pavlovian Which is instrumental How do This is now complete I didn t briefly describe the things because I can t do all the work for you I hope this helps everyone we test this This is in the notes on page 10 11 also in the textbook notes on pg 6 Tests involve US devaluation and omisson control procedure 15 What procedure uses yoking Also what is yoking Omission control procedure yoking basically means that a trained animal is paired with an untrained animal both animals must exhibit the desired behaviors to receive a reward 16 What is behavior systems theory How does it apply to pavlovian conditioning 2 Back to ch 2 also pp 09 Fig 4 10 General search behavior picture US is determinant of the CR and CS US interval determines where the CS becomes incorporated into the sequence Consummatory behavior Focal Search Behavior 17 What was the Garcia experiment and why was it an important finding Has to do with biological preparedness we associate taste with illness and peripheral pain with audiovisual stimuli best 18 What are the 4 temporal relations Know how to draw each Indicate understanding of the definitions and placement of intertrial intervals and interstimulus intervals Picture pp 73 Fig 3 8 19 What is higher order conditioning What conditioning is expressly second order conditioning This is now complete I didn t briefly describe the things because I can t do all the work for you I hope this helps everyone Sensory Preconditioning pp 94 Fig 4 6 picture 22 Describe the attentional account 2 assumptions the organism has limited attentional capacity and the CS must be attended to for learning to occur 23 Describe the informational account Random US experiment pg 16 of notes and pg 8 of textbook notes 20 Is contiguity necessary How did we come to that conclusion See notes pg 14 16 see notes pg 14 16 21 Is contiguity sufficient How did we come to that conclusion 24 In reference to the Rescorla Wagner model what is lambda what is VT what is delta what is alpha what is beta what is the formula 25 In reference to the Rescorla Wagner model be able to calculate Acquisition This is now complete I didn t briefly describe the things because I can t do all the work for you I hope this helps everyone Blocking Overshadowing This is now complete I didn t briefly describe the things because I can t do all the work for you I hope this helps everyone Extinction US Preexposure Effect This is now complete I didn t briefly describe the things because I can t do all the work for you I hope this helps everyone Overexpectation Contingency Effects This is now complete I didn t briefly describe the things because I can t do all the work for you I hope this helps everyone 26 What is the difference between excitatory and inhibitory stimuli excitatory stimuli indicate a US will occur inhibitory stimuli indicate a US will not occur 27 How do we measure conditioned responses 3 test trial magnitude latency 28 What are the control procedures for pavlovian conditioning 3 psuedo conditioning random control procedure explicitly unpaired control 29 What makes effective conditioned and unconditioned stimuli 4 Be able to briefly describe each initial responses to the stimuli novelty Intensity and Salience CS US relevance pg 4 of the textbook notes The US The CS The US CS interval 30