Chapter 1 23 31 32 33 36 Chapter 2 16 Biology Chapter 1 4 Practice Test The most important force in evolution is mutation natural selection Your Answer Correct Answer Which of the following is paired incorrectly cell the smallest unit of life Your Answer Correct Answer organ a structure formed of cells of similar types A scientist examines an organism and finds that it is eukaryotic heterotrophic and multicellular and that it absorbs nutrients She concludes that the organism is a member of the kingdom Plantae Your Answer Correct Answer Fungi Which statement is correct Genes are proteins that produce DNA Your Answer Correct Answer Mutations are accidental changes in genes The three natural processes that form the basis for evolution are mutation genetic variation and adaptation Your Answer Correct Answer genetic variation inheritance and natural selection Atoms are the basic building block of elements Each atom and therefore the elements themselves are made up of subatomic bits of matter that are electrically negative electrons electrically positive protons and electrically neutral or uncharged neutrons Which subatomic component defines characterizes the fundamental nature of each element Protons Your Answer 17 19 20 21 26 27 Correct The unique chemical properties of each element depends upon the atomic number What allows one atom to physically interact with a second atom properties of the electrons Your Answer Correct Electrons may be shared between two atoms or electrons may be gained or lost by one of the atoms in an attempt to fill an electron shell Covalent bonds all of the above Your Answer Correct Covalent bonds are very common between biologically important atoms and possess all of the attributes listed above Water s ability to act as a universal solvent is due to both the second and third answers above Your Answer Correct The second and third answers say the same thing in two different ways Because water is an electrically polar molecule the oxygen tends to be electrically negative and the two hydrogens tend to be electrically positive it has the ability to interact with other polar substances e g carbohydrates and proteins and Why does water so greatly resist increases in temperature Your Answer It takes great energy to break the huge number of hydrogen bonds that hold water molecules together Correct Before water molecules begin to increase their speed of motion the hydrogen bonds between molecules of water must first be broken The atomic nucleus contains two types of subatomic particles are uncharged neutrons Your Answer Correct Answer protons neutrons The prefixes of each word indicate their charge Atoms of the same element with a different number of neutrons are called isotopes Your Answer Some of these atoms are radioactive ions Your Answer These atoms are charged Atoms that have gained or lost electrons are called What is the purest form of matter that cannot be separated into different substances by chemical means electrons Your Answer Correct Answer elements Which phrase best describes chemical bonds attractive forces Your Answer If electrons in water molecules were equally attracted to hydrogen nuclei and oxygen nuclei water molecules would be less polar Your Answer What is the defining characteristic of an acid It will donate or accept hydrogen ions depending on the pH Your Answer Correct Answer It donates hydrogen ions Ions and polar molecules are termed polar Your Answer Correct Answer hydrophillic hydrophobic These terms also mean water loving and water fearing Functional groups are 29 37 38 40 42 31 Chapter 3 1 11 15 18 20 27 groups of atoms in organic molecules that can participate in certain types of chemical reactions Your Answer Correct At the gym one day you notice a new Energy Bar being sold that advertises quick energy for your workout To impress you further it is claimed this bar contains only carbon oxygen and hydrogen atoms What kind of biological molecule s would you be eating if you ate an Energy Bar carbohydrates and lipids Your Answer Correct Carbohydrates are composed nearly exclusively of C H and O In addition lipids such as fats and oils also contain only C H and O A cell membrane is primarily composed of phospholipids Your Answer Correct Possession of water soluble and water insoluble portions enables phospholipids to form the barriers around cells we know as cell membranes Nucleotides Your Answer Correct are found in nucleic acids intracellular messenger molecules and high energy molecules You have identified a protein that is unable to form disulfide bridges This would affect which of the following secondary structure of the protein Your Answer Correct Answer tertiary structure of the protein Primary structure involves only the order of amino acids secondary structure involves hydrogen bonding dehydration synthesis is unrelated to disulfide bridges Oils fats and waxes are similar in that they all contain one or more 35 37 38 40 5 6 Chapter 4 fatty acid Your Answer These contain a carboxyl group at one end Which of the following is not a function of polysaccharides in organisms energy storage Your Answer Correct Answer storage of hereditary information Foods that are high in fiber are most likely to be derived from all of the above Your Answer Correct Answer plants Proteins differ from one another because Your Answer each protein molecule contains its own unique sequence of sugar molecules Correct Answer the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain differs from protein to protein Which of the following statements about lipids is false Beef fat is highly saturated Your Answer Correct Answer The body doesn t need any cholesterol Chromosomes consist of DNA Your Answer Correct Answer proteins and DNA Incorrect DNA is present but chromosomes are not made exclusively of DNA Which of the following correctly lists organelles that are part of the internal membrane system of eukaryotic cells Golgi apparatus and nucleus Your Answer Correct Answer endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus and lysosomes 9 14 16 20 23 Incorrect The nucleus is the control center of the cell not part of the internal membrane system The nuclear envelope however is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum Which of the following lists the correct order in which newly synthesized proteins are delivered to the plasma membrane Your Answer from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus to lysosomes to the plasma membrane Correct Answer from the endoplasmic
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