PET4551 Exam II Professor Mia NewlinExercise Testing Rx Exam II Study Guide Review Exam I study guide also 1 2 What are some of the benefits of regular PA Pretty much everything We all know activity is good so this question doesn t need too much time PA lowers LDL TG and cholesterol increases HDL improves body composition etc 3 When should you stop a stress test When an individual is performing a stress test whether it is maximal or sub maximal you should stop it if o Drop in SBP of 10 mmHg with an increase in work rate o Onset of angina or angina like symptoms o Excessive rise in BP SBP 250 mmHg and or DBP 115 mmHg o SOB wheezing leg cramps or claudications o Signs of poor perfusion light headedness confusion ataxia pallor cyanosis nausea or cold and clammy skin o Failure of HR to increase with increased intensity o Noticeable change in heart rhythm o Subject requests to stop o Physical or verbal manifestations of severe fatigue o Failure of the testing equipment 4 What are some of the field tests that we use to assess cardiorespiratory function Cardiorespiratory fitness is related to the ability to perform large muscles dynamic moderate and high intensity exercise for prolonged periods of time Simply the state of the respiratory and the cardiovascular system There are different categories of tests that can be used to assess the efficiency and on type is called field tests These include performing a timed event as long as possible or completing a certain distance as fast as possible Examples would be the 12 minute test Cooper or the 1 5 mile test for time If the client is in poor cardiovascular shape you can implement the Rockport 1 mile walk test or a 6 min walk test or Step testing 5 What are some of the advantages and disadvantages of sub maximal testing 1 PET4551 Exam II Professor Mia Newlin Going along with what was said in the above question there are two classes of testing for cardiorespiratory function There is maximal and sub maximal testing Maximal is a VO2 test with tubes mask metabolic cart etc on a treadmill usually could be done on a bike if preferred or even an arm ergometer Not really practical The most common type of maximal protocol is the Bruce but there is also the Ellestad the Naughton and the Balke Ware The subject begins at a pace they could sustain based on their current fitness then the elevation is increases a certain increment at a certain time interval until complete exhaustion is reached This is usually reached at 8 12 minutes Sub maximal is the one used most often field tests are a type of sub maximal test o Advantages Inexpensive Personnel require minimal amount of training Allows for mass testing Test itself is short in duration Safer since it does not require maximal exertion No physician needed if low risk VO2 can be estimated HR and BP are monitored in multi stage tests Useful in documenting changes due to intervention programs o Disadvantages Maximal HR BP RPP are nor measured VO2 max not directly measured Limited diagnostic value errors range from 10 20 True max HR is not obtained for exercise prescription Identify sources of error that are involved in a sub maximal test Some errors are unavoidable with a sub max test Some examples are that the client s true heart rate is not known since the 220 age is only an estimate Not knowing the true HR can skew the VO2 result by as much as 20 Some tests like the fields test could turn into maximal depending if the client is really out of shape With the cycle ergometer test the main disadvantage is that most people don t cycle so their muscles aren t use to that mode leading to faster fatigue than their real fitness would show 7 What are the four assumptions we make when doing a sub maximal test Because of the sources of error listed above certain assumptions are made when conduction a sub max test o that the client achieves a steady state HR on every stage 6 1 PET4551 Exam II Professor Mia Newlin o that the is a linear relationship between HR and V02 max since we are using their HR to predict the V02 o That the 220 age predicted HR is uniform with all ages not always true o And that everyone client has the same mechanical efficiency defiantly not true for professional cyclists and sedentary people for example The cyclists are way more efficient 8 What is meant be steady state Steady state means simply that steady state For the sub maximal tests the client must achieve a steady state with their HR before progressing to the next workload This means that the two HR you take have to be 5 beats to be considered in steady state If they differ by more than 5 beats you must continue for another minute or so until they achieve it This is the first assumption 9 What is the Rate of Perceived Exertion scale The RPE scale is a scale of 6 20 that is used by assess the client s exertion level It goes from very very light to very very hard The scale is based on the client s own feeling of exertion and it is used in maximal and sub maximal test The reason it is 6 20 is because it is loosely based on an idea of HR So 6 is equal to a HR of 60 and so on 10 Know general procedures for sub maximal cycle ergometer and bench step Both of these are a sub maximal test so they should only last until the client achiever 85 of their HR based from the 220 age formula o For the cycle test the client goes through three to four stages to raise their HR Using the obtained HR one could estimate Vo2 using the formulas The cycle test is considered the best sub max test The procedure is as follows There are multiple 3 minutes stages and HR is recorded at the end of the second at third minute You want to get this 2 values in steady state 5 beats if not steady state prolong stage by 1 minutes then recheck Then you plot these values on a graph Also BP and RPE should be recorded each stage Look at the specific directions to understand more For the bench step test the client steps up a platform at a certain cadence In the most common test its 3 minutes and uses a 12 inch step and a cadence of 24 steps a minute HR is taken after test 11 Know systolic diastolic and mean arterial pressure Know how to calculate MAP PP and RPP o SBP is the pressure of the blood on the arteries when the heart contracts systole So it is when the heart contracts 1 PET4551 Exam II Professor Mia Newlin o DBP is the lowest pressure of the blood on the arteries when the heart is resting in diastole o …
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