QUIZ 1 STUDY GUIDE VOCAB Chapter 1 Speech language pathologists Identify assess treat and prevent expressive and receptive communication disorders in all modalities They provide services for swallowing disorders and may be involved in modifying dialects Audiologists Measure hearing and identify assess manage and prevent disorders of hearing including auditory processing disorders and balance They may dispense hearing aids Efficacy The probability of benefit from an intervention under ideal conditions Effectiveness The probability of benefit from an intervention method under average conditions It is what works in real world application of intervention Efficiency The quickest and least effortful method resulting in the greatest positive benefit Chapter 3 Larynx An air valve composed of cartilages muscles and other tissue It is the main sound generator for speech production Pharynx The throat Trachea Wind pipe Hyoid Bone Small U shaped bone in the neck that supports the tongue Thyroid Cartilage The largest laryngeal cartilage it forms the front and sides of the laryngeal skeleton Cricoid Cartilage Part of the Larynx Arytenoid Cartilage Part of the Larynx Epiglottis Cartilage in the throat Opens and closes during swallowing Glottis the part of the larynx consisting of the vocal chords and slitlike opening between them Affects voice modulation Vocal Folds Vibrating Folds Chapter 8 Pitch Measured in Hertz Resonance Normal resonance is largely determined by the velopharyngeal Intensity Measured in Decibels dB structures and the adequacy of their function Hyper Hypo Nasality Occurs when the velopharyngeal mechanism fails to decouple the oral and nasal cavities Vocal Hygiene Positive change Video fluoroscopy A motion picture X ray recorded on DVD which permits the imaging of velopharyngeal function from three different perspectives VPI Velopharyngeal Insuffciency Disorder involving improper closing of the pharynx Nodule Localized growths resulting from frequent hard vocal fold collisions Polyp Fluid filled lesions that develop when blood vessels rupture and swell Contact Ulcer Reddened ulcerations on the posterior surface of the vocal folds in the region of the arytenoid cartilages Papillomas Small wart like growths of the vocal folds and interior of the larynx Webbing Form anteriorly and can interfere with breathing Produces a high pitched hoarse voice quality Cancer Most serious organic disorder of the voice Granuloma Ruptured capillaries covered with epithelial tissue associated with intubation Chapter 11 Dysphagia Difficulty swallowing Aspiration Breathing in Silent Aspiration Lack of cough when food or liquid enters the airway Bolus Small mass of food Types of swallowing evaluation techniques Bedside Swallow Examination Patient is examined at bedside Modified Barium Swallow Study Videofluoroscopy An X ray procedure used for suspected dysphagia and or aspiration Fiber Optic Endoscopic Evaluation FEES is used with adults who are too ill to go to the radiology department for MBSS Tube is inserted through the nose into the throat Scintigraphy Radioactive tracer is placed in food Used to measure aspiration Ultrasound Sound waves are used to display an image of the laryngeal area
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