ANT2416 Objectives ANT2416 Test 1 Study Guide o What is a child o What is childhood o Why should anthropology be interested in children and childhood Anthropology o Anthropos human o Logos word o Study of humans o Multiple features of human behaviors at once o Biological and cultural relationship o Holistic looking at multiple features at once o Comparative study and comparing behavior Why we study children o A child is a version of a human therefore its appropriate subject for anthropologist should study o New trend to study children in anthropology o Similarities and difference in children and other versions of humans o Children are brought up differently based on region where they grow up Video o Time for school 2002 2004 12 year project on crisis in global education 7 children in their first year of school Afghanistan Shugufa Benin Nanavi Brazil Jefferson India Neeraj Japan Ken o Women do daily chores and Neeraj goes to night school after completing the chores o Schooling is consider spare time o Boys attend day schooling o Tougher education o Started at age one in school system o Can read already in the first grade o Very common to have after school activities classes Kenya Joab school o Not many children have the opportunity to go to o Joab was entering 1st grade at the age of 10 o Joab s class was 74 children with only one teacher Introduction Film Continued Ken Japan o Well funded and predictable o Opening day ceremonies show value o Expectations are high Neeraj India o Hard physical work for girls while boys play or at school girls usually go to night school o Small parental support o Neeraj was betrothed at 8 future was planned Joab Kenya o Lives in Urban town shantytown with public utilities o Abolishment of primary school fees flooded Kenya s school with new students o Class had 74 students Raluca Romania o Happy and talkative o Economic uncertainty o Commutes 45 minutes by herself to attend public school Jefferson Brazil o Raised by single parent in urban shantytown o Play is priority o Bolsa Escola program of government payments to keep children in school Shugufa Afghanistan Taliban years o 12 years old a late start because her family fled to Pakistan during o Large family generates many daily chores to Shugufa o Parents support her education in the face of public criticism o Lessons emphasize public health as well as academic Nanavi Benin o New law passed allows one women from each family can go to school instead of going to voodoo school o Must live in Grandmother s village during week where schooling takes place o Has older students mentor who gives her guidance dada and medateric women from outside community o Hard work day after day o Things we take for granted today was based on hard work before Introduction Cont o How does child differ from adolescence o 28 up Michael Apted document o Several children are looked at and interviewed at age 7 14 21 and 28 o Gives opportunity to look at same person at different ages age life stages o See age characteristics How do you know it s a child o Body size and proportions o Expressive behavior o Voice quality o Speed of speech o Body movements o Big dreams for the future and acceptances of limitations Introduction Film Continued 28 up 28 up o Children born in 1956 5 elite Bruce John Andrew Charles Suzi 2 middle class Peter Neil Lower class Tony Nick Paul Simon Jackie Lyn and Sue Tony Bruce Suzi o Working class background o Wanted to be a jockey o Ended up becoming a taxi driver o Sensitive Teacher o Upper class o Went to boarding school at age 6 o Public schools not the same as US public school Elite only went to public school o Chain smoker to happy mother o Upper class o Went to boarding school at age 8 believed it was too young wants her kids to go at age 13 each other o Throughout life age 7 14 21 28 her answers change and contradict Didn t like babies than had two Wanted to have nanny for children at 7 at age 28 she wanted to raise her children herself o Wanted to maker her own opinion and decisions Raised in wealth Husband to support her Hypocritical answer o At age 7 vulnerable to way of life she was presented o At age 14 parents divorce had no purpose o At age 7 said she would go to University Dropped out and went to secretary school and went Paris Nick o From Physics to farmer o Farmer s son o Went to Oxford o Became a professor at University of Wisconsin o Married and wife has job o Never cared about money At age 20 after university seeked a higher standard of living o Benefited from a system that understood his intelligence o Version of brain drain US was draining smart people from other countries based on standard of living American system of Education training everyone not just elites Only child in his village at age 7 Paul John o At age 7 wasn t happy o No big inspirations o Moving to Austrilia o Went on 15 000 miles tour with wife o 2 kids o Brick layers o Children s school Children s home o He wanted a better life for his children o Lived in world without components with those with privileges o Westimester Hall o At 21 wanted to be married by 28 o Interested in law throughout o Like the private education o Didn t think he had an advantage o Didn t think video showed they worked hard and didn t just have everything given to them o Wanted money and spare time to collect painting o Courtroom lawyer Andrew o Trinity Hall o At 21 wanted to be lawyer and became a lawyer o Married o Live in London flats At 28 thought he was a brat at 7 7 read financial times Believes he s been lucky Charles o At age 7 said he was going to go to Oxford but didn t make it o At 21 said he was going to work as newspaper writer but is BBC producer o Doesn t believe in failure o Didn t pursue his first path not as predictable If you have wealth you re life is more predictable o More structure to their lives o On an escalator Everyone changed a bit when married and started having of family o Influence of person More wealthy interviewees more verbal interaction o Comfortable with verbal interactions Jackie at 49 up single mother of 3 state supported o Married at 19 o Probability wouldn t recommend it to other ones o Wanted to be happy as much of the time o Sometimes life doesn t go as expected Suzi o Mother o Part time job Gave up higher salary o Son o Didn t want to go to grammar school and mother supported her Lynn decision o Hard to live up to parental expectations o …