Test 3 Study Guide All pictures can be increased in size for better viewing Chapter 9 Pattern Texture Pattern refers to a repetition of a design motif Physiologists speak of horror vacui or a need to fill up empty spaces a basic human impulse Patterns that can be reduced to a grid are crystallographic order The essential difference between pattern and texture seems to be whether the surface arouses our sense of touch or merely provides design appealing to the eye Texture refers to the surface quality of an object 2 Types of artistic texture 1 Tactile texture is texture that can actually be felt For example below Van Gogh uses a painting style called impasto which creates a rough three dimensional paint surface to the waves in the background 2 Implied visual texture is only implied via sight it cannot be felt In the picture below by Lichtenstein the large brush strokes are only implied The surface is flat and smooth as can be Verisimilitude is the act of creating texture on a flat smooth painted surface or an appearance that is truly the same Trompe l oeil a French term meaning to fool the eye known as deceptive painting Under the bridge the wall looks like brick masonry but it is really painted on Texture is not as regular and repeating as a pattern Invented texture is pure invention through the use of media Stimulated texture is the faithful rendering of a real texture 4 determinants of texture and feel 1 Micro basic fiber content Chemical composition of basic element Determines performance 2 Composite yarn structure how are elements put together Different spinning techniques and different weights Texture and final product 3 Macro fabric structure how are yarns put together Woven knitted felted right loose weave Are yarns blended 4 Finishes chemical or mechanical treatments Absorb reflect or transmit are 3 functions of light that can make transparent translucent or opaque Be able to identify source interpretation and or arrangement from a given design 4 interpretation types Can also be cartoons Naturalistic Realistic presentation the motifs have their true colors highlights and shadows Stylized motif remains recognizeable but it is simplified flattened distorted color change etc Abstract free flowing forms color value form shapes and spaces Can project a feeling or mood Geometric stem from imagination and portray no object Dots stripes plains and chevron For pattern common Natural objects found in nature interesting proportion and colors Floral is the 1 most Manmade evoke specific memories definite associations limited use Imagination lines and shapes which are not representational of actual objects includes lines and circles Symbolism representations of something other than an obect like an idea or an organization chalks represent the rainbow 6 arrangements 1 All over arrangements give the same effect from any angle 2 Four way give same effect from four directions 90 degree turns 3 Two way same effect when turned 180 degrees stripes 4 One way only one direction realistic presentation unbalanced plaids 5 Border arrangement motifs placed along the edge 6 Spaced self contained composition The degree of detail more detail is more elegant more refined Less is more causal or louder A repeat is the distance from where a pattern begins and where it begins again To combine patterns motifs are compatible in subject motifs are similar size shape interpretations have comparable levels of detail patterns have at least 1 color in common or the same pattern in different color color is compatible in all patterns and accepted harmony is used Traditional patterns are foulards paisley calico and liberty prints Documentary designs batik ikat toile du jouy folk patterns art deco art nouvea camo CHAPTER 10 11 ILLUSIONS SLIDE NOTES Visual illusions are used to control appearance and increase cultural acceptance Illusions result when we mistake visual cues Visual perception means choosing the best interpretation of available cues Kinds of learning Cognitive learning factual information Affective learning feelings values beliefs and opinion Conscious teaching intentional effort to impart knowledge and ideas like studying or reading Conditioning it is suggested implied subtle an observation or imitation Causes of illusions Physical base Physiology of eye nerves and brain Learned base experience leads to assumption and expectations When illusions are physically based every human will have the same reaction when culturally based there will be different reactions 2 types of major illusions Static Geometric illusions occur when lines space shape are misinterpreted o Carpentered illusory lengths widths or distortions Examples o Size and space the eye incorrectly estimates distances or sizes where comparable images are placed close together o Directional Strong directional feeling within a figure is attributed to the whole figure o Depth and Distance Illusions We interpret flat images as 3 dimensional objects o Foreshortening change in perspective and size as we view objects from greater distance Example Example o Ambiguous figures figure ground reversal or spontaneous change of position o After Image After images we see after we have been looking at a stimulus long enough to tire the retina then we look away and see the same ting but positive is replaced with the negative o Irradiation the light area is diffused beyond actual shape o Simultaneous Contrast Exaggeration of differences Color with opposing hues or values intensify when placed next to each other Increases each other s apparent differences Auto kinetic Illusions move Self moving illusion appears to flicker undulate wave or otherwise Tips on dressing yourself thinner Pick the right print the cardigan rule go nude top it off size up bring up the hem embrace your shape and belt it out Book notes The easiest way to create an illusion is via size Overlapping is a simple device for creating an illusion of depth Vertical location is a spatial device in which elevation on the page or format indicates a recession into depth The higher the object the farther back it appears Aerial perspective describes the use of color or value to show depth The darker mountains in the background make it appear they are farther away Linear perspective is a complex spatial system based on a relatively simple visual phenomenon as parallel lines recede they appear to converge and to meet on an imaginary line called a horizon One point perspective presents a very organized