Visual Design Test 1 Study Guide CHAPTER 1 DESIGN PROCESS Design to plan to organize Verb to plan and to organize o The opposite of chance o Designers plan the arrangement of elements to form a visual pattern o May be functional or aesthetic Result visual organization Noun result of the plan the item o A product o The result of design Form purely visual aspect what the artists want to say Content implies the subject matter story or information that the artwork seeks to communicate to the viewer how the artist says it Aesthetic aim of work of art or design Art has always been a means of visual communication 2 categories Behavioral deals with patterns or ways of doing things or actions in time planned actions Sensory experienced through senses sight sound taste smell and touch o Multisensory o Combination experience several senses together to create feeling both behavioral interpreted sensory Creative Process Thinking often a contest to define the relationship between form and content Looking nature history and culture visual info from media Doing trial and error intuition visual experimentation revision Critique evaluate to plan judge the characteristics and performance of the product to meet the goal is it truly functional FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION purpose defines the look and shape of an object Thinking about the problem 1 What is to be achieved goal 2 Are they visual stylistic requirements style vs fashion 3 What physical limitations physical limitations 4 When is the solution needed time limit Symbol an element of design that communicates an idea or meaning beyond that of its literal form Thinking about the audience to whom is this visual message addressed The form an artist or designer selects is brought to an elemental simplicity in the challenge of designing icons or pictograms Cool Hunter design as a process may be entered or left at any point along the way can specialize along the way Artists and designers will often travel and study influences firsthand for a deeper understanding of their influences Vernacular so called high art images manage to become commonly known reveals how this icon was visualized at different times the illustrator looked for a visual model of American female Research into new or unfamiliar subjects What we hope to find are the elements that shape our own visual language Structure the essential form or framework of the object which defines the object in space Thinking with Materials Trial and error Intuition Deliberate application Doing and Redoing went through multiple processes to get to this final painting Pentimenti the artist repents Traces of the artist s revisions Illustration A simple description of a drawing that includes a snake and an apple might lead us to conclude that the drawing is an illustration but with further description and analysis the interpretation could lead us to understand other meanings and the emphasis of the drawing CHAPTER 2 UNITY Principles are guidelines or rules for manipulating the elements Principles are used to create a concept plan or scheme that functions 3 types of principles Highlighting leads the eye from one place to another occurs only at a given point by focusing the attention Linear Directional drawing the eye Synthesizing integrating The principle relates and integrates the parts of the whole leads the eye around the composition relating and Unity the presentation of an integrated image Means that a congruity or agreement exists among the elements in a design they look as though they belong together as though some visual connection beyond mere chance has caused them to come together Synonymous with harmony A sense of oneness of things belonging together and making up a coherent whole Repetition Seeks simplicity and logical organization Organize elements into a unified artwork Illustrates a high degree of unity achieved through the repetition of the oval shapes of the cans Linear elements such as the diagonal shadows and paint sticks are also repeated and the metal cans accented by bright colors Harmony An agreement in feeling A consistency of mood Synthesizing principle A pleasing combination of differing things used in compatible ways Must include agreement among functional structural and decorative Pulls pieces of visual image together design levels Relating and integrating parts of the whole Every element lends tself to harmony o Can create feelings o Similar to elements can seem calm and pleasing Blues and greens Rectangular and squares Groups of organic shapes o Contrasting elements create energy o Vitality tension or anger o Triangles with circles and squares Harmony vs Unity The distinction is close Everything in harmony POSSIBLE WITHOUT UNITY relates but is not necessarily complete Unity gives a sense of completion NOT POSSIBLE WITHOUT HARMONY Structural Harmony essential for of the object and emerges when parts agree with each other and the whole Representational an image suggestive of the appearance of an object that actually exists Monochromatic a color scheme using only one hue with varying degrees of value or intensity Similarity in color Creates a sense of unity Composition another term for design which implies the same feeling of organization The organization of elements in design Collage first aware of the pattern the elements make together and then we begin to enjoy the items separately A visual unity dominates Negative Space empty unoccupied area or empty space surrounding the objects or figures in a composition The space and shape created between 2 objects negative shapes that are repetitive enhances the feeling of unity Gestalt The theory of visual psychology or the study of perception Negative or empty space also follows the principle Gestalt Prinicples Similarity that are dissimilar will be separate parts that appear similar will be grouped in perception parts Proximity SIMPLEST WAY TO ACHIEVE UNITY parts that are located close together will group in perception Closure the perception of complete bound shapes from implied lines Continuation or interruption is the perception of a continuous line through a small break o Can be subtle understated o Three dimensional design o Lines and shapes can lead to other shapes o Carries the eye of the viewer through and around the picture Functional what is the real intended purpose of this object Does it function well Form follows function o Example plastic stackable chairs What is the purpose of applied design Is the design harmonious with the