ANS 110: Nomenclature“No question is a stupid question.” –Dr. ShelleScientific Classification- Bovidae (cattle, oxen, sheep, goats)o Horns are permanent, antlers are not.o Ruminant placenta attaches at focal points as opposed to attaching to the entire uterus (polycotyledonary placenta).o Ruminant: many stomachs One stomach acts like human stomach- Technically: one stomach, four compartments Can digest fiber better- Microorganisms ferment fiber- High amounts of low quality fiber can be eaten- Suidae (pigs, hogs, boars)o Artiodactyl ungulate Ungulata: hooved animal (unfavorable terminology)o Artiodactyl: even number of toeso Aristodactyl: odd number of toeso Non-ruminant: simple stomach Most digestion occurs in small intestine- Equidae (horses, donkeys, mules)o More slender- Bird families are not distinguishedGenus and Species- Cattle genus: Boso Both species can interbreed freely and produce fertile offspringo Bos Taurus: cows in U.S.o Bos indicus: higher insect tolerance- Ovis aries: domesticated sheep- Sus scrota: primarily all domestic pigso All pigs in U.S. Sus scrota- Equus callus: horseo Really tall breed and really small ponies Same genus/species Can be bred togethero Male donkey + female horse = MULE (infertile)o Donkeys and mules will lay down when they don’t want to do something (too dangerous/tired)o Horses will keep going Can get you/them into trouble depending on the situation- Gallus gallus domesticus: chicken- Anser anser: domestic gooseo Dual crop: feathers and foodCommon Names of Farm Animals- Young bull better tastingo Bullock is leaner- Steer castrated to be easily managed- Horse defines stallion or mare- Sheep not distinguished by ageo Except for: Lamb Yearling- Chickens are very rarely castratedo Testes inside bodyo Invasive surgeryEquine Anatomy- Difference between vertebrae: thorasic vertebrae are attached to ribso Sacral: hipso Cervical: necko Lumbar: lower back- Ulna essentially gone in farm animalso Cant rotate arm- Knee: equivalent to the wrist of a human- Do not have rump/butto Defined as CROUPPorcine Anatomy- Ulna a little more distincyo Still fused- Difference between pigs and horse: falanges- Pig belly= ribcage- Back= LON- Butt= RUMP- Two digits instead of oneOvine Anatomy- Tail= docko Tail docked to keep feces from collecting- Rump= butt- Have breastBovine Anatomy- Shoulder= chuck- Forearm= shank- 4 teetso Fore utterso Rear uttersEXAM 1Some information to be on first exam:- Matching genus and species- Be able to identify skeletal anatomy and its external use- Match external parts with boneo Example: forearm=radiusTo be an Animal Science graduate you should be able to differentiate between