10.20.2010The Order PrimateSuborders: Prosimians--(Lemurs, Lorises, Galagos, and Tarsiers) Anthropoids• Now called Strepsirhine(all prosimians -Tarsier) and Haplorhine (all anthropoids and the Tarsier)• wet nose and dry nose)• Tarsier--reason we changed taxonomy of primates• What makes a Tarsier a Haplorhine?• Lacks rhenium• No tapetum(reflective covering over the eye to increase night vision)• Fully enclosed orbit • DNA--DNA is closer to anthropoids than prosimians ••• Primate Adaptations• Teeth--tell us about where individual lived, their diet, etc.• Primates--4 types of teeth--derived relative to mammals• Callitrichids: 2, 1, 3, 2• Cebids and Atelids: 2,1,3,3• OWM, Apes, Humans: 2,1,2,3• Mammalian Ancestor: 3,1,4,3• Generalized dentition• Locomotion--most primates are quadrupedal (4 limbs)• Arboreal quadruped • Longer tails, legs are longer than arms• Clinging and leaping• Long, powerful legs• Relatively short arms• terrestrial quadruped• Arms and legs equal in length, short tail• Great Apes--knuckle walking--short back, no tail, long arms• Suspensory locomotion--longer arms• Brachiation--hand over hand• Arboreal adaptations• Convergent orbits--depth perception• Nails instead of claws• Grasping hands and feet• Visual Predation Hypothesis• Eating insects at terminal branches• Angiosperm Radiation--fruiting/flowering trees• Primates
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