Water Sanitation Air and Soil 1 What is water scarcity and how does it affect people Increases likelihood of unsafe water breeding ground for mosquitos a Lack of sufficient water b Time spent gathering water is taken from education or other tasks c d Lack of sanitation facilities e Poor hygiene f Disease causing foods 2 What is MDG 7 a Achieve environmental sustainability 3 What are 3 common solutions to soil pollution a Reducing the use of chemicals b Using micro organisms to digest chemical waste c Using proper methods for sewage and waste disposal 4 According to the World Health Organization what proportions of preventable diseases does the environment cause a of preventable diseases are caused by the environment 5 Is health in both developing and developed countries affected by air pollution a Yes 6 What determines the effects of air pollution a Duration of exposure b Concentration and type of chemicals c Pre existing health conditions 7 Where is outdoor air pollution most common a Urban areas 8 How does WHO rank indoor air pollution as a cause of disease a 8 as a global problem 9 Where is indoor air pollution more common a Most common among poor and developing nations 10 What is biomass fuel and why is it a problem video a Biomass fuels are crop residues animal dung and wood b This creates air pollution 11 What are the most common causes of soil pollution a Pesticides b Fertilizers c Sewages threat of the 21st century a Climate change 13 How does climate change affect health a Weather affects health and well being i Birth rates sperm counts ii Outbreaks of pneumonia influenza and bronchitis iii Allergic reactions to high pollen and air pollution b Hot and cold waves affect mortality rates 12 What has the respected medical journal The Lancet called The biggest global health i Hot weather extremes have greater effect ii Warm moist air detracts from the body s ability to cool itself by iii Cold dry air dries out nose and upper respiratory tract increases chance of evaporation of perspiration viral or bacterial infection Environmental health emergencies and disaster relief 1 How can e technology be used in disaster response ex recovers org video a Help spread awareness and reach wider communities to get more help 2 Define disaster What are some kinds of natural disasters What are some kinds of human made disasters a Disaster sudden catastrophe bring great damage loss or destruction i Can be natural or man made ii Anything that causes loss or damage can be a disaster its different for different people b Natural disasters could be droughts earthquakes fire etc c Man made disasters could be civil disorder accidents with hazardous materials terrorism plane crashes etc 3 What are the phases in disaster management a Mitigation activities that prevent an emergency reduce chances or reduce damage of unavoidable emergencies i Take place before and after emergency b Preparedness plans or preparations made to save lives and help rescue operations and response i Takes place before disaster c Response action taken to save lives and prevent further damage i Takes place during emergency d Recovery action taken to return to a normal or safer state i Takes place after emergency Food security insecurity famine and hunger 1 What is the first Millennium Development Goal a To end hunger and extreme poverty 2 What is the UN definition of food security What is the USDA definition for food insecurity a Food security access by all people at all times to the food needed for health life i Adequate food is a human right by the UN b Food insecurity limited or uncertain access to nutritious safe foods necessary to the lead healthy lifestyle 3 What are the primary causes of food insecurity a Bad economy b Lack of access to healthy food c Weather d Poverty e War f Civil conflict g Environmental degradations h Poor health i Inequality and not being educated 4 What are the four pillars of food security a Availability whether people can get the food that is available money is necessary for domestic production imports population growth water availability climate change energy costs b Access access c Utilization need food prep ability and practices clean H20 safe food storage and nutrition and hygiene knowledge political crisis available and accessible year round regardless of economy climate or household s use of the food they have access to culture affects this d Stability 5 What proportion of the food produced in the world goes to waste a 1 3 6 What are the determinants of food availability Access Utilization Stability a Availability of close substitutes b Products cost c Time period d Education e Social class 7 What is famine and what are the chief causes of famine a Famine extreme and general scarcity of food in a country or large geographical b Causes drought disease crop damage political problems 8 How is famine relief traditionally provided and what are the problems with traditional area relief methods a Humanitarian relief organizations b Military or UN forces c Food from outside d Distribution e Problems free food undercut local food prices may drive farmers of business microloans only benefit those with land for farming and livestock food for work programs keep poor from working their own land debt forgiveness would allow developing countries to handle famine themselves could changing eating habits doesn t address political issues 9 How is e technology used in food distribution a Not as much guess work could actually contact the people in need b Can be used to distribute food because they can text about where they need food 10 What are some newer methods of providing relief and how much a Etech such as phones b Microloans 11 What is Plumpy Nut and what is it used for video Why a Nutrient dense solution to help malnourished children Agricultural and economic development 1 Where does agricultural development fit in the disaster response cycle a In mitigation and preparedness 2 If the UN s medium projection of global population growth is correct how much will agricultural output have to increase between 2000 and 2050 a Nearly doubling 3 What is the Green Revolution a Teaching improved agricultural techniques b Encouraging local farmers to take advantage of new high yield seeds that are being developed c Producing disease resistant crops 4 What is the Second Green Revolution a Coined by Norman Bourlaug b Emphasized sustainable intensification more food in same land while reducing negative affects on the