Lecture 11 1 What is the major compound in starch Very long polymer of glucose alpha 1 4 linkage chains some are branched affect texture 2 Why can you live on potatoes starch but not off of grass We don t have the enzyme to digest beta 1 4 enzymes 3 Where do you think carotenoids are stored in carrots A Cytoplasm B plastid C vacuole D Golgi bodies E nucleus 4 What happens If you put a plant cell that lost its cell wall in water It would burst 5 What pigments make this color diagram of an orange tree with foliage a flavonols b anthocyanin c chlorphyll d carotenoids 6 What kind of plastid do you think a leaf primodia has A protoplastid b etioplast c chloroplast d Amylopast Lecture 12 7 All living plant cells have plastids but not chloroplasts 8 Starch is a food reserve store in amyloplast 9 Every plant cell has a vacuole and its function is to store food TRUE OR FALSE This is false vacuole doesn t store food function is to generate turgor pressure and adjust cell size 10 Which of the following is NOT part of primary cell wall A pectin b lignin 11 During ripening tomatoes fruits change color what kind of pigment do you think causes this Phenolic compounds 12 What happens soon after a plant cell that has lost its cell wall is put into water The cell will expand until it bursts 13 Why absorb light if theyre not doing photosynthesis To protect photosynthesis machinery they need a guard 14 DO all photosynthetic organisms produce oxygen NO not all Purple sulfur bacteria uses h2s as energy source this kind of photosynthesis is not producing oxygen and is thus called anoxygenic photosynthesis 15 All living plants cells have plastids but not chloroplasts True 16 In photosynthesis light is essential for a light reaction and dark must occur in the dark False 17 Where is a cam plant most likely to be found HOT AND DRY PLACE 18 In oxygenic photosynthesis 02 is produced from h20 in photosystem 2 the other direct product in this photosystem is H 19 Photorespiration is necessary for photosynthesis because it produces ATP molecules that are used in co2 fixation FALSE 20 C4 plants are more efficient in photosynthesis than C3 plants because co2 is converted to a compound containing 4c s by a diff enzyme PEP carboxylase Lecture 13 1 What causes Chlorosis in young leaves Iron Fe deficiency magnesium will cause similar symptoms old leaves yellow new green 2 Where do plants acquire their nutrients Soil and air 3 How does carbon C enter a plant And how do all the other elements enter a plant Enters plants as CO2 from the AIR All others are taken up from the SOIL 4 What macronutrients essential elements are often limiting for plant growth Nitrogen Phosphorous potassium N P K Fe too but is micronutrient 5 What is the nitrogen in the soil mostly in the form of Nitrate which quickly leaches from soil 6 What does mineral ion uptake require Active transport 7 Most water and ion uptake occurs through what The youngest parts of roots including the root hairs in the EPIDERMIS 8 What do root hairs do Increase surface area of the root for absorption 9 What is the role of the endodermis Allows plants to maintain mineral ion concentrations in the xylem that are higher than in the surrounding soil 10 What is an example of an energy requiring reaction Nitrogen fixation 11 What bacteria do nitrogen fixation Chemoheterotrophs or photoautotrophs 12 What are energy yielding reactions And who are they carried out by Nitrification and denitrification and chemoautotrophic bacteria 13 What is a casperian strip A water tight waxy layer of the cell wall of endodermis that force minerals and water to enter the cytoplasm 14 Where is the casparian strip located Cell wall of endodermis 15 What does the casparian strips of the endodermis cell wall allow for Allows the mineral content of the xylem to be regulated or maintained at a higher concentration than in soil 16 Example of hyperaccumluation of Hg Sunflower 17 Why is the plasma membrane impermeable to minerals Because of its 18 Can transport molecules against a gradient consume energery PUMP active 19 What kind of diffusion has small nonpolar solutes such as glucose and water 20 What kind of diffusion carries a molecule by conformational change Carrier 21 Is gated and when activate a large amount of compatible molecules can pass hydrophobicity transport Simple through channel 22 Chanell and carrier are a type of what type of diffusion Which has high efficiency and which has low Facilitated Chanell is high carrier is low 23 What are two forms of contrasport systems Symport and antiport 24 What is uniport Chemical must fit dimension 25 What is symport You have to have 2 molecules together in order to be transported GO IN SAME DIRECTION 26 What is antiport One goes in the other goes out must be coupled 27 What is required to load sugar into the phloem Sucrose proton contransporter 28 Plants in the legume bean family form what kind of associations with the nitrogen fixing bacterium rhizobium Symbiotic associations The bacteria enter plant roots through the root hairs and proliferate in cells of the cortex of the root forming nodules In the nodules the bacterium obtains sugars from the plant and provides the plant with reduced nitrogen 29 What are Mycorrhizae Mutualistic fungi infecting the roots of plants 30 What are Mycorrhizae critical for Phosphate uptake absorption 31 What do mycorrhizae do Greatly increase the roots surface area obtain sugar from the plant in exchange for minerals 32 What is the water potential of air 200atm 33 Water potential of soil 2atm 34 What are two pieces of evidence that support the cohesion tension theory One is that negative pressures in the trunk and leave can be measured and two is that the stem diameter shrinks during the day and increases at night 35 What happens if there is more K water pressure drops 36 Low water stomata will close 37 Which of the following is the type of mechanism for sucrose transport as illustrated previously Symplastic 38 Which of the following forms of nitrogen plants can be used directly NH4 39 Which of the following cell types is more susceptible to embolism Vessel and NO3 elements or tracheid 40 Where is auxin synthesized And what are its major effects In the shoot and seeds Promote cell division and elongation 41 Where is cytokinin synthesized In roots Promote cell divison formation and growth of lateral buds 42 What does ethylene do Promotes fruit ripening 43 Where is abscissic acid synthesized Mature leaves roots
View Full Document
Unlocking...