Human Anatomy & Physiology, 8e (Marieb/Hoehn)Chapter 22 The Respiratory SystemMatching QuestionsFigure 22.1Using Figure 22.1, match the following:1) Main (primary) bronchus.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 805; Fig. 22.12) Pharynx.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 805; Fig. 22.13) Larynx.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 805; Fig. 22.14) Carina of trachea.Answer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: 805; Fig. 22.15) Trachea.Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 805; Fig. 22.11Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 22.2Using Figure 22.2, match the following:6) Tidal volume.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.167) Inspiratory reserve volume.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.168) Residual volume.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.169) Expiratory reserve volume.Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.1610) Air that does not participate in the exchange of gases.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.162Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Match the following:A) Segmental bronchiB) Type II cellsC) Alveolar ductD) Respiratory bronchiolesE) Type I cells11) No exchange of gases occurs here.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 81412) Secrete a fluid containing surfactant.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 81513) Where the respiratory zone of the lungs begins.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 81514) Composed of simple squamous epithelium.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 81515) Terminates in alveoli.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 81516) Composed of cuboidal cells.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 81517) The respiratory membrane is composed of fused basement membrane of the capillary walls and ________.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 815Answers: 11) A 12) B 13) D 14) E 15) C 16) B 17) ETrue/False Questions1) Ventilation perfusion coupling means that more blood flows past functional alveoli than past nonfunctional alveoli.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 829-8302) The olfactory mucosal lining of the nasal cavity contains the receptors for the sense of smell.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 806-8073) The functions of the nasal conchae are to enhance the air turbulence in the cavity and to increase the mucosal surface area exposed to the air.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 807, 8093Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.4) The lungs are perfused by two circulations: the pulmonary and the bronchial. The pulmonarycirculation is for oxygenation of blood. The bronchial circulation supplies blood to the lung structures (tissue). Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 8185) Changes in arterial pH can modify respiration rate and rhythm even when carbon dioxide and oxygen levels are normal.Answer: TRUEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 8346) Intrapleural pressure is normally about 4 mm Hg less than the pressure in the alveoli.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 8197) During normal quiet breathing, approximately 750 ml of air moves into and out of the lungs with each breath.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 825; Fig. 22.168) The alveolar ventilation rate is the best index of effective ventilation.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 8269) In chronic bronchitis, mucus production is decreased and this leads to the inflammation and fibrosis of the mucosal lining of the bronchial tree.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 840-84110) Labored breathing is termed dyspnea.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 84011) The largest amount of carbon dioxide is transported in the bloodstream in the form of carbonic anhydrase.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 83412) Increased temperature results in decreased O2 unloading from hemoglobin.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 8314Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.13) The epiglottis is a smooth muscle that covers the glottis during swallowing.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 811-81214) Valsalva's maneuver involves closing off the glottis (preventing expiration) while contractingthe muscles of expiration, causing an increase in intra-abdominal pressure.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 811-81215) Smoking diminishes ciliary action and eventually destroys the cilia.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 81316) Tracheal obstruction is life threatening.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 81317) The parietal pleura lines the thoracic wall.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 818-81918) The average individual has 500 ml of residual volume in his lungs.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 82419) Atelectasis (lung collapse) renders the lung useless for ventilation.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 82020) The Hering-Breuer reflex is a potentially dangerous response that may cause overinflation of the lung.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 83921) Strong emotions and pain acting through the limbic system activate sympathetic centers in the hypothalamus, thus modulating respiratory rate and depth by sending signals to the respiratory centers.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 83622) As carbon dioxide enters systemic blood, it causes more oxygen to dissociate from hemoglobin (the Haldane effect), which in turn allows more CO2 to combine with hemoglobin and more bicarbonate ion to be generated (the Bohr effect).Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 8345Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.23) Dalton's law states that the total pressure exerted by a mixture of gases is the sum of the pressures exerted independently by each gas in the mixture.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 82724) Oxygenated hemoglobin releases oxygen more readily when the pH is more basic.Answer: FALSEDiff: 3 Page Ref: 83125) Nasal conchae mainly work on inhalation to warm and moisten air. They serve minor functions for exhalation.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 807, 80926) Under certain conditions, the vocal folds act as a sphincter that prevents air passage.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 81127) Apneustic breathing is characterized by prolonged inspirations.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 835Multiple-Choice Questions1) Which of the choices below is not a functional process performed by the respiratory system?A) pulmonary ventilationB) transport of respiratory gasesC) external respirationD) pulmonary respirationAnswer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 8052) The loudness of a person's voice depends on the ________.A) thickness of vestibular foldsB) length of the vocal foldsC) strength of the intrinsic laryngeal musclesD) force with which air rushes across the vocal foldsAnswer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 811-8126Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.3) The walls of the alveoli are composed of two types of cells, type I and type II. The function of type II is to ________.A) secrete surfactantB) trap dust and other debrisC) replace mucus in the alveoliD) protect the lungs from bacterial invasionAnswer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 8154) Complete the