Human Anatomy & Physiology, 8e (Marieb/Hoehn)Chapter 16 The Endocrine SystemMatching QuestionsFigure 16.1Using Figure 16.1, match the following:1) Produces the hormones that promote the development of the female secondary sexual characteristics at puberty.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 623; Fig. 16.12) Storehouse for the hormones produced by the hypothalamus of the brain.Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 605; Fig. 16.13) Produces the hormones that direct the production of the secondary male sex characteristics.Answer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: 623; Fig. 16.1 1Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.4) Produce steroid hormones and glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids.Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 614; Fig. 16.15) Produces hormones and is considered a neuroendocrine organ.Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 601; Fig. 16.1Figure 16.2Using Figure 16.2, match the following hypothalamic hormones with the pituitary hormone targets:6) Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH).Answer: ADiff: 1 Page Ref: 603-6047) Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH).Answer: CDiff: 1 Page Ref: 6058) Prolactin-releasing hormone (PRH).Answer: BDiff: 1 Page Ref: 6059) Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH).Answer: EDiff: 1 Page Ref: 6052Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.10) Thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH).Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 605Match the following:A) Addison's diseaseB) AcromegalyC) Diabetes mellitusD) Pituitary dwarfismE) Graves' disease11) An autoimmune problem involving the thyroid gland.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 61112) Hyposecretion of growth hormone.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 60413) Hyposecretion of the pancreas.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 62214) Hyposecretion of the adrenal cortex.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 61815) Hypersecretion of growth hormone.Diff: 2 Page Ref: 604Answers: 11) E 12) D 13) C 14) A 15) B3Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Match the following:A) Cushing's diseaseB) MyxedemaC) Acromegaly D) Cretinism16) Hyposecretion of the thyroid in adults.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 61117) Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 617-61818) Hypersecretion of growth hormone.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 60419) Hyposecretion of the thyroid in infants.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 611Answers: 16) B 17) A 18) C 19) DMatch the following:A) ThyroidB) Adrenal medullaC) HypophysisD) ParathyroidE) Pancreas20) The size and shape of a pea; produces hormones that stimulate other endocrine glands.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 60121) The gland that controls the fight-or-flight reaction.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 619; Fig. 16.1622) Produces hormones that regulate glucose levels in the body.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 621; Fig. 16.1823) Produces a hormone that controls blood levels of calcium and potassium by their removal from bone tissue.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 612; Fig. 16.1224) Produces the body's major metabolic hormones.Diff: 1 Page Ref: 609; Tbl. 16.2Answers: 20) C 21) B 22) E 23) D 24) A4Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.Figure 16.3Using Figure 16.3, match the following:25) Produces glucocorticoids.Answer: BDiff: 2 Page Ref: 614; Fig. 16.1326) Produces epinephrine.Answer: DDiff: 1 Page Ref: 618; Fig. 16.1327) Produces aldosterone.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 614; Fig. 16.1328) Excess hormone levels result in Cushing’s syndrome.Answer: ADiff: 2 Page Ref: 617; Fig. 16.1329) Hormones mimic sympathetic nervous system neurotransmitters.Answer: DDiff: 2 Page Ref: 619; Fig. 16.1330) Produces androgens.Answer: CDiff: 2 Page Ref: 614; Fig. 16.13 5Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.True/False Questions1) In humans, melatonin may inhibit sexual maturation.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 6202) The antagonistic hormones that regulate the blood calcium level are calcitonin-parathormone.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 611-6133) The hormone that raises blood sugar levels is insulin.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 6214) Addison’s disease is due to a deficit output of glucocorticoids only.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 6185) Both "turn on" factors (hormonal, humoral, and neural stimuli) and "turn off" factors (feedback inhibition and others) may be modulated by the activity of the nervous system.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 6006) ACTH stimulates the adrenal cortex to release corticosteroid hormones.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 6057) LH is also referred to as a gonadotropin.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 6058) With age, chronic stress increases blood levels of cortisol and appears to contribute to memorydeterioration.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 6269) Oxytocin is a strong stimulant of uterine contractions.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 60610) Follicle cells of the thyroid gland produce thyroglobulin, while follicle cells of the parathyroid produce calcitonin.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 6086Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.11) Type 2 diabetics may reflect declining receptor sensitivity to insulin rather than decreased insulin production.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 62612) The prime metabolic effect of cortisol is gluconeogenesis.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 616-61713) The beta cells are the pancreatic islet cells that produce insulin.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 62114) Most type 2 diabetics do not produce insulin.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 62715) Aldosterone is the most potent mineralocorticoid produced in the adrenals but the least abundant.Answer: FALSEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 61416) Atrial natriuretic peptide is a hormone that controls blood pressure in part by increasing the urinary excretion of sodium.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 61517) Although glucagon is a small polypeptide, it is nevertheless very potent in its regulatory effects.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 621-62218) The thyroid gland is a large gland that controls metabolic functions throughout the life of an individual.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 60919) Many hormones synthesized in the gastrointestinal tract are chemically identical to brain neurotransmitters.Answer: TRUEDiff: 1 Page Ref: 62420) All of the following hormones are secreted by the adenohypophysis: ACTH, FSH, and LH.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 605; Tbl. 16.17Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc.21) Iodine is an essential element required for the synthesis of thyroxine.Answer: TRUEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 609-61022) The endocrine gland that is probably malfunctioning if a person has a high metabolic rate is the parathyroid.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 609, 612-61323) Growth hormone always exerts its influence by targeting other endocrine glands to produce hormones.Answer: FALSEDiff: 2 Page Ref: 603-60424) Glucocorticoids are