PowerPoint PresentationSlide 2Slide 3Slide 4Slide 5Slide 6Slide 7Slide 8Slide 9Slide 10Slide 11Slide 12Slide 13Slide 14Slide 15Slide 16Slide 17Slide 18Slide 19Slide 20Slide 21Slide 22Slide 23Slide 24Slide 25Slide 26Slide 27Slide 28Slide 29Slide 30Slide 31Slide 32Slide 33Slide 34Slide 35Slide 36Slide 37Slide 38Slide 39Slide 40Slide 41Slide 42Slide 43BIO 325 – GeneticsMolecular Structure of DNA and RNAThere is only one success – tobe able to spend your life inyour own way.–Christopher MorleyIdentification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialTo fulfill its role, the genetic material must meet several criteria. What are those criteria?Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialExperiments with Pneumococcus suggested that DNA is the genetic material. Take a look at the Frederick Griffith experiments with the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae and tell me what it all means.Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialIdentification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialThe substance that allowed this to happen was termed the transformation principle; Griffith did not know what it was. Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialThe substance that allowed this to happen was termed the transformation principle; Griffith did not know what it was. Then, Avery, MacLeod and McCarty realized that Griffith’s observations could be used to identify the genetic material. Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialThe substance that allowed this to happen was termed the transformation principle; Griffith did not know what it was. Then, Avery, MacLeod and McCarty realized that Griffith’s observations could be used to identify the genetic material. What did scientists in the 1940s know about the major constituents of living cells?Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialThe substance that allowed this to happen was termed the transformation principle; Griffith did not know what it was. Then, Avery, MacLeod and McCarty realized that Griffith’s observations could be used to identify the genetic material. What did scientists in the 1940s know about the major constituents of living cells?Avery et al. prepared cell extracts from type S cells containing each of these macromolecules and tried to convert type R cells into type S cells with those extracts. What happened?Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialWhat did additional experiments illustrated in the next slide show? Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialIdentification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialIdentification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialThe hypothesis of the Hershey Chase experiments using Escerichia coli and bacteriophage T2 was as follows: Only the genetic material of the phage is injected into the bacterium; isotope labeling will reveal if it is DNA or protein.Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialThe hypothesis of the Hershey Chase experiments using Escerichia coli and bacteriophage T2 was as follows: Only the genetic material of the phage is injected into the bacterium; isotope labeling will reveal if it is DNA or protein.Look at the next slide and tell me about the experiments.Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialThis is tobacco mosaic virus (TMV), a plant virus. What does the illustration show?Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialWhat do you see here?Identification of DNA as the Genetic MaterialNucleic Acid StructureTell me about the structure of DNA as depicted here.Nucleic Acid StructureWhat does this slide show?Nucleic Acid StructureNucleic Acid StructureWhat do these slides show?A, G, C or TNucleic Acid StructureWhat do these slides show?A, G, C or UNucleic Acid StructureWhat do these slides show?Nucleic Acid StructureTell me about terminology of nucleic acid units.Nucleic Acid StructureWhat do you see here?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat is being indicated here?Nucleic Acid StructureA few key events led to the discovery of the double-helix structure of DNA.Nucleic Acid StructureWhat did Linus Pauling discover?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat did Rosalind Franklin discover?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat did Erwin Chargaff discover?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat does this show?Nucleic Acid StructureWhy is there no pairing of adenine with cytosine or guanine with thymine?Nucleic Acid StructureWhy is there no pairing of adenine with cytosine or guanine with thymine?Nucleic Acid StructureWhy is there no pairing of adenine with cytosine or guanine with thymine?Nucleic Acid StructureWatson and Crick deduced the double-helical structure of DNA. How were they influenced by the work of Pauling, Franklin, and Chargaff?Nucleic Acid StructureMolecular structure of the DNA double helix has several key features. What are those features?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat is base stacking? What are the minor and major grooves?(b) Space-filling model of DNA(a) Ball-and-stick model of DNAMinorgrooveMajorgrooveMinorgrooveMajorgroove© Laguna Design/Photo ResearchersNucleic Acid StructureWhat is triplex DNA and how might it be important in silencing genes?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat does this show about the three-dimensional structure of DNA within chromosomes?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat does this show about the primary structure of RNA molecules?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat does this show about secondary structure of RNA molecules?Nucleic Acid StructureWhat about the tertiary structure of RNA? What does this show?BIO 325 – GeneticsMolecular Structure of DNA and RNAThis PowerPoint lecture is for instructional purposes only, and for the exclusive use of students taking BIO 325 offered by The University of Texas. It was prepared mainly from Genetics – Analysis and Principles, by Brooker, 2012 (4th edition), and contains phrases and entire sentences taken verbatim from that source. It also may contain images downloaded from the internet for instructional use only. This presentation is in no way meant to represent original work by Mark