Class 7 High Renaissance and Mannerist Art MAP OF ITALY DURING RENAISSANCE Venice Italy Titian Venus of Urbino c 1538 oil on canvas 3 11 x 5 5 Venice High Renaissance the shift from oil on panel to oil on canvas seems to have occurred for the first time in Venice Titian Pesaro Madonna 1519 26 oil on canvas 16 x 9 Venice High Renaissance Leonardo da Vinci Virgin of the Rocks c 1485 oil on wood Florence Titian Pesaro Madonna 1519 26 oil on canvas 16 x 9 Venice Traditional Views of Progress or Development in the Arts and Other Fields Early Renaissance 13th 14th Birth Childhood Renaissance 14th e 15th Childhood Young Adulthood High Renaissance l 15th 16th Adulthood Mannerism m l 16th Old Age Decline Cimabue 1 13th Giotto e 14th Masaccio e 15 Leonardo l 15th 16th Michelangelo e 16th Titian m Tintoretto Last Supper 1594 oil on canvas 12 x 19 Venice Mannerist Leonardo da Vinci Last Supper 1498 Tinoretto Last Supper 1594 Venice 11 Tintoretto Last Supper 1594 oil on canvas 12 x 19 Venice Mannerist Parmigianino Madonna of the Long Neck 1534 1540 oil on wood panel 7 x 4 4 Mannerism Mannerism c 1520 1600 begins in Venice and then spreads to the rest of Italy intellectually intricate subjects highly skilled techniques irrational spatial effects and figures with elongated proportions enigmatic gestures and expressions obscure unsettling and often erotic imagery unusual colors and juxtapositions strange secondary scenes Bronzino Allegory with Venus and Cupid c 1545 oil on panel 57 x 46 Mannerism Chronos Father Time and Oblivion back curtain from Venus and Cupid which reveals them in an incestuous embrace Venus takes an arrow from Cupid s quiver On the right Playfulness throws roses while Pleasure or Fraud half girl and half dragib offers a honeycomb On the left is a figure identified as Jealousy Pain or Syphilis Bronzino Allegory with Venus and Cupid c 1545 oil on panel Mannerism Art and the CounterReformation Popes trying to increase their political and social power from circa 1475 sell indulgences Protestant Reformation led by Martin Luther circa 1520 in Northern Europe Luther denies the legitimacy of the Pope as God s representative on earth Luther claims that each person should work through their relationship with God on their own He harshly criticizes the selling of indulgences and the worship of relics Spanish King Charles V sacks Rome in 1527 for political reasons This is a severe setback to the Papacy and Protestantism spreads further especially in Northern Europe In 1530s 40s the Pope attempts to reform the Church and rebuild Rome and initiates the Counter Reformation One way he does this is by beginning the Inquisition 1542 1860 in which many works of art are destroyed The Roman Inquisition should not be confused with the Spanish Inquisition from 1478 1860 Despite this the Papacy realizes the great importance of art in reforming the Church and inspiring believers Michelangelo Last Judgment 1536 41 fresco 48 x 44 Sistine Chapel Vatican City Rome High Renaissance Mannerism This project brings Michelangelo back to Rome after an absence of 25 years Michelangelo Last Judgement 1536 41 fresco 48 x 44 Sistine Chapel Vatican City Rome High Renaissance Mannerist all male figures were originally nude the concealing drapery was added later Michelangelo Last Judgement 1536 41 fresco 48 x 44 Sistine Chapel Vatican City Rome right hand of Jesus the saved High Renaissance Mannerism Michelangelo Last Judgment 1536 41 fresco 48 x 44 Sistine Chapel Vatican City Rome left hand of Jesus the condemned High Renaissance Mannerism Michelangelo Last Judgment 1536 41 fresco 48 x 44 Sistine Chapel Vatican City Rome High Renaissance Mannerism Catholic vs Protestant including Lutherans Anglicans and Calvinists in the 16 th c Matthias Gr newald Isenheim Altarpiece c 1500 oil on wood panel figures life size Isenheim France Northern middle Renaissance Matthias Gr newald Crucifixion Lamentation and Saints c 1512 closed wing panels of the Isenheim Altarpiece oil on panel Northern middle Renaissance Detail Grunewald Crucifixion panel Isenheim Altarpiece Matthias Gr newald Annunciation Virgin and Child Resurrection c 1512 Isenheim Altarpiece 1st opening oil on panel Northern middle Renaissance Matthias Gr newald Annunciation c 1512 outer wing panel from the Isenheim Altarpiece oil on wood panel Northern middle Renaissance Matthias Gr newald Virgin and Child with Angels c 1512 center panel from the Isenheim Altarpiece oil on panel Matthias Gr newald Resurrection c 1512 outer wing panel from the Isenheim Altarpiece oil on wood panel Northern middle Renaissance Matthias Gr newald Ss Anthony and Paul Temptation of St Anthony c 1512 Isenheim Altarpiece 2nd opening Northern middle Renaissance Matthias Gr newald Temptation of St Anthony c 1512 Isenheim Altarpiece 2nd opening Altarpieces are usually polyptychs made for the Roman Catholic church to be placed behind altars