PUBH 3003 1st EditionExam # 2 Study Guide Lectures: 16-24Lecture 16 (March 26th)Current Lecture:Almost 50 year history of world tobacco conference- Highly visible: 1967 New York City Robert F. Kennedy keynote speaker- 1997 Beijing, China, opening in the Great Hall of People, President of China welcomed the delegates- Much Progress, coming together of stakeholders - Recognize common interests and goals - Industry seeks to divide tobacco control movement: Phillip Morris Project Sunrise- Successes thought impossible : Irish bars go smoke free, Beijing announces going smoke free- Challenges: Tobacco still immensely profitable, prevalence of use increasing in many places- Need to reach out to additional stakeholders- Human rights advocates, rights of women, children, environmentalists- Gain new allies- finance ministers, increased revenue, public health benefit- Concern about too much reliance on Bloomberg, Gates- Need dedicated funding- Governments to step up- Civic liability- industry has deep pockets- Impact of 16th WCTOH- More than 100 journalists from around the world covering the conference - Bloomberg Philanthropies and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation launch anti-tobacco trade litigation fund - Opportunities going forward- Turf issues- world is big enough for all- Permanent Secretariat – the Union- link with regional priorities and conferences - Opportunities to be strategic- To link with and support conference of the parties and other key initiatives - Strength In passion and dedication of tobacco control advocates- Compelling stories, continue to grow the movement - Move forward in implementing the resolutions of the 16th WCTOHBloomberg Philanthropies and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Launch- New joint effort to combat tobacco industry’s use of international trade agreements - “country leaders who are trying to protect their citizens from harms of tobacco should not be deterred by costly legal challenges”- Australia won it’s first case, but smaller developing countries do not have the same resources - Since 2010 Uruguay has been fighting legal challenge by Phillip Morris International against the country’s graphic health warnings with support from Bloomberg Philanthropies- Australia is currently fending off both a World Trade Organization (WTO) challenge anda legal challenge by PMI against plain packagingAnti- Tobacco Trade Litigation Fund - Includes technical assistance in legislative drafting and documentation to avoid legal challenges and potential trade disputes- Support of global best practices in tobacco control and coordinated efforts to document industry wrongdoing - Litigation support to low and middle income countries to defend laws in the form of financial support and access to high quality legal assistance - Communications support to educate and inform the public about the industry challenges and abuse of the trade system- Assistance in accessing knowledgeable tobacco control experts and mobilizing support among the global public health community - Creation of a network of senior lawyers, experienced in trade litigationTobacco Atlas - “tobacco use in all forms is even more harmful than previously thought….”- “Governments must be bolder and more innovative to counter rising burden of tobacco and the industry’s aggressive broadening of its tactics to subvert regulation and prevent progress”- In 2013, tobacco industry profits reached more than US $44.1 billion at the cost of 6.3 million deaths, equivalent to around US $7,000 per death The Fight Against the Tobacco Epidemic is at a Critical Stage- Increase in tobacco users in the world’s most populous countries is outpacing the global impact of tobacco control- There are now more than 1 billion smokers in the world- Over 300 million people use smokeless tobacco and use of alternative tobacco products like water pipes is increasing - Over 5.8 trillion cigarettes were smoked in 2014Unprecedented Activity by the Tobacco Industry is Preventing Progress - Aggressively targeting developing economies in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East- Increasing prices above and beyond taxes in 146 countries between 2008 and 2012 so consumers blames governments while industry profits- Increased lobbying and increased use of legal action or threat of legal action Tobacco Industry Tactics are Causing Economic, Social, and Environmental Harm- Tobacco costs the global economy over US$$1 trillion according to The Atlas- In 2012 LMICs received a total of $133 billion in development aid, while spending $350billion on tobacco products- All forms of tobacco use disproportionately burden the poorest and increase health inequalities - Female tobacco use has increased rates of lung cancer so that it now kills more womenthan breast cancer- There are 24 countries where girls smoke more than boys compare to just two countries where woman smoke more than men- In 12 of the 25 top tobacco leaf producing countries, tobacco cultivation co-exists alongside undernourishment rates that exceed 10%- Tobacco causes air, land and water pollution 200,000 hectares of forest are lost every year and 4.5 trillion cigarette butts end up as toxic rubbishCreating a Future of Missed Opportunities- Tobacco will remain on track to kill 1 billion people in this century- Government will miss sustainable development goals target of reducing premature deaths from NCDs by one third by 2030- Governments will miss the WHO global NCD Action Plan target of a 30% reduction in tobacco use prevalence by 2025Bolder Faster Action is Needed - Governments should re-invest income from tobacco taxes. 0.69% of tobacco excise tax revenue I spent on tobacco control, and 96% of that in high income countries- Donor’s development assistance should more closely match tobacco- related harms- Only US $68 million was spent in 2011, but US $600 million per year would deliver four“best buy” tobacco control interventions to all LMIC’s Tobacco: A barrier to Sustainable development- Goal 1: End poverty in all its forms everywhere: Tobacco use is highest among the poor, money spent on tobacco is not available for basic necessities - Goal 2: End hunger, active food security…. Tobacco growing occupies land that could be used to grow food- Goal 3: Ensure healthy live and promote well- being: Tobacco use is a leading driver of the NCD epidemic and the number one cause of preventable disease and death worldwide - Goal 4: Ensure inclusive and
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