PUBH 3003 1st Edition Lecture 16Outline of Last Lecture Societal Issue: Herbal Drugs and Steroids I. Herbal Drugsa. Natural does not always equal better b. St. John’s WortII. MelatoninIII. Anabolic Steroids a. Athletes and drug abuse b. Doping c. Patterns d. Abuse concerns Outline of Current Lecture:I. World tobacco conferenceII. Bloomberg and Gates III. Anti Tobacco trade litigation fundIV. Fight against tobaccoa. Action is needed b. Goals From the 16th World Conference on Tobacco OR HealthCurrent Lecture:Almost 50 year history of world tobacco conference- Highly visible: 1967 New York City Robert F. Kennedy keynote speaker- 1997 Beijing, China, opening in the Great Hall of People, President of China welcomed the delegates- Much Progress, coming together of stakeholders - Recognize common interests and goals - Industry seeks to divide tobacco control movement: Phillip Morris Project Sunrise- Successes thought impossible : Irish bars go smoke free, Beijing announces going smoke free- Challenges: Tobacco still immensely profitable, prevalence of use increasing in many placesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- Need to reach out to additional stakeholders- Human rights advocates, rights of women, children, environmentalists- Gain new allies- finance ministers, increased revenue, public health benefit- Concern about too much reliance on Bloomberg, Gates- Need dedicated funding- Governments to step up- Civic liability- industry has deep pockets- Impact of 16th WCTOH- More than 100 journalists from around the world covering the conference - Bloomberg Philanthropies and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation launch anti-tobacco trade litigation fund - Opportunities going forward- Turf issues- world is big enough for all- Permanent Secretariat – the Union- link with regional priorities and conferences - Opportunities to be strategic- To link with and support conference of the parties and other key initiatives - Strength In passion and dedication of tobacco control advocates- Compelling stories, continue to grow the movement - Move forward in implementing the resolutions of the 16th WCTOHBloomberg Philanthropies and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Launch- New joint effort to combat tobacco industry’s use of international trade agreements - “country leaders who are trying to protect their citizens from harms of tobacco should not be deterred by costly legal challenges”- Australia won it’s first case, but smaller developing countries do not have the same resources - Since 2010 Uruguay has been fighting legal challenge by Phillip Morris International against the country’s graphic health warnings with support from Bloomberg Philanthropies- Australia is currently fending off both a World Trade Organization (WTO) challenge anda legal challenge by PMI against plain packagingAnti- Tobacco Trade Litigation Fund - Includes technical assistance in legislative drafting and documentation to avoid legal challenges and potential trade disputes- Support of global best practices in tobacco control and coordinated efforts to document industry wrongdoing - Litigation support to low and middle income countries to defend laws in the form of financial support and access to high quality legal assistance- Communications support to educate and inform the public about the industry challenges and abuse of the trade system- Assistance in accessing knowledgeable tobacco control experts and mobilizing support among the global public health community - Creation of a network of senior lawyers, experienced in trade litigationTobacco Atlas - “tobacco use in all forms is even more harmful than previously thought….”- “Governments must be bolder and more innovative to counter rising burden of tobacco and the industry’s aggressive broadening of its tactics to subvert regulation and prevent progress”- In 2013, tobacco industry profits reached more than US $44.1 billion at the cost of 6.3 million deaths, equivalent to around US $7,000 per death The Fight Against the Tobacco Epidemic is at a Critical Stage- Increase in tobacco users in the world’s most populous countries is outpacing the global impact of tobacco control- There are now more than 1 billion smokers in the world- Over 300 million people use smokeless tobacco and use of alternative tobacco products like water pipes is increasing - Over 5.8 trillion cigarettes were smoked in 2014Unprecedented Activity by the Tobacco Industry is Preventing Progress - Aggressively targeting developing economies in Asia, Africa, Latin America, and the Middle East- Increasing prices above and beyond taxes in 146 countries between 2008 and 2012 so consumers blames governments while industry profits- Increased lobbying and increased use of legal action or threat of legal action Tobacco Industry Tactics are Causing Economic, Social, and Environmental Harm- Tobacco costs the global economy over US$$1 trillion according to The Atlas- In 2012 LMICs received a total of $133 billion in development aid, while spending $350billion on tobacco products- All forms of tobacco use disproportionately burden the poorest and increase health inequalities - Female tobacco use has increased rates of lung cancer so that it now kills more womenthan breast cancer- There are 24 countries where girls smoke more than boys compare to just two countries where woman smoke more than men- In 12 of the 25 top tobacco leaf producing countries, tobacco cultivation co-exists alongside undernourishment rates that exceed 10%- Tobacco causes air, land and water pollution 200,000 hectares of forest are lost every year and 4.5 trillion cigarette butts end up as toxic rubbishCreating a Future of Missed Opportunities- Tobacco will remain on track to kill 1 billion people in this century- Government will miss sustainable development goals target of reducing premature deaths from NCDs by one third by 2030- Governments will miss the WHO global NCD Action Plan target of a 30% reduction in tobacco use prevalence by 2025Bolder Faster Action is Needed- Governments should re-invest income from tobacco taxes. 0.69% of tobacco excise tax revenue I spent on tobacco control, and 96% of that in high income countries- Donor’s development assistance should more closely match tobacco- related harms- Only US $68 million was spent in 2011, but US $600 million per year would