JOURN 1100 1st Edition Lecture 23Outline of Last Lecture A. PlagiarismB. Ethics vs. Lawa. Ethics is NOTb. Ethics ISC. 4 Views of EthicsOutline of Current Lecture I. First AmendmentII. NY Times vs. SullivanIII. Important Conceptsa. Prior restraintb. Seditionc. Defamationd. Libele. Actual maliceIV. What ethical principles apply to libel?V. Virtual realities?VI. Code of Ethicsa. SPJ Code of Ethicsb. 9 steps with ethical decisionsc. St. Louis news story at Kirkwood elementaryCurrent Lecture1. First Amendment1. No established religion2. Freedom of speech3. Press4. Assemble5. PetitionFor most of the United States history, a state could restrict and regulate first amendment. 14th amendment changed this so that amendments then had to apply towards the states.2. NY Times vs. Sullivan- Affects the future of JournalismThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.3. Important Conceptsa. Prior restraint: “government prohibition of speech in advance of publication”b. Sedition: “crime of revolting or inciting revolt against the government”c. Defamation: “any intentional false communication, either written or spoken, that harms a person’s reputation; decreases the respect, regard, or confidence in which a person is held; or induces disparaging, hostile, or disagreeable opinions or feelings against a person”d. Libel: “written or broadcast defamation. A false statement that damages a person’s reputation”e. Actual malice: standard set by Supreme Court in NY Times vs. Sullivan (1964) In libel lawsuits, public officials must prove false statements were published knowingly or with reckless regard for the truth. 4. What ethical principles apply to libel?Be aware of making ethical decisions (avoid harm) and legal implications (remember libel)5. Virtual realities?The concept of “presence” is created through feeling you are there in the event. 6. Code of Ethics- Consensus decision of people in a certain profession- Standards of professional conduct stated by associations (Radio-Television News Directors Association, Society of Professional Journalists) a. SPJ Code of Ethics1. To seek the truth and report it2. Minimize harm3. Act independently4. Be accountable(when making decisions consider the possible outcomes and consequences, choose perfect duty over imperfect duty)b. 9 steps with ethical decisions1. Start with an open mind2. Get all the facts you can3. Listen to what your gut is saying4. Identify duties at stake5. Figure out kind of conflict you’re facing6. Brainstorm and analyze7. Reach conclusion --- try to reach consensus8. Try to minimize harm the decision may cause9. Look toward the futurec. St. Louis news story at Kirkwood elementary1. Start with an open mind: lets consider the idea of going into a school undercoverThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.2. Get all the facts you can: gather safety policies, potential consequences of walking into a school unannounced3. Listen to what your gut is saying: doesn’t seem right, trespassing4. Identify duties at stake: telling the truth and serving the public, minimizing harm5. Figure out kind of conflict you’re facing: it could all workout, OR you end up breaking the law and cause an inconvenience from the lockdown6. Brainstorm and analyze: look at after event and see the positives and negatives7. Reach conclusion --- try to reach consensus: bad idea8. Try to minimize harm the decision may cause: news organization hadto explain itself9. Look toward the future: did some good by showing the good and bad ethical decisions reporters make These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a