GEOS 212 1st Edition Lecture 22Outline of last lectureLECTURE 21 OUTLINE (Kelp & Mangrove Forests – 14 April 2014)Kelp Forest CommunityOccurs in shallow water (<100 feet deep),Generally along continental shelvesLikes cool water (between 40º and 70º F)Blooms during summer monthsKelp Forest on US west coast (Seasons in the Sea video)Part 1: (5:35-12:20) (to 6:40)- Critical aspects of Western US coast:- Depth, size, & structure of kelp- Gray whale migration, feeding, population- Otters (hunting/recovery, specific use of kelp)- Winter storms (good & bad aspects)Part 2: (21:35-25:40) (to 10:39)- Otters (insulation, linkage with urchins & kelp)- Who else feeds on urchins?- What is an urchin barren and how does it form?- Starfish feeding strategyPart 3: (41:52-46:19) (to 15:01)- Important aspects of kelp forest- Garibaldi nesting/mating/parenting strategies- Survival chances of juvenile fishPart 4: (47:30-55:05) (to 22:37)- Food web of kelp, plankton, krill, anchovies, blue shark, blue whale- Blue whale (size, feeding strategies, population)Mangrove Forest CommunityOccurs in intertidal zone along gently sloping continental shelvesLikes warm water (> 70º F)Structure of mangrovesMangrove Forest along east African coast (African Tides video)Part 1: 9:55-11:55 (to 2:57)- Unusual adaptation of mudskipper fish?- Structure of mangrove forest- Primary producers?- Reproductive strategy of mangrove?Part 2: 29:35-33:32 (to 6:53)- Feeding strategy of mangrove jack fish catching sardines?These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.- How do porcupine fish avoid predation?- How do mudskippers avoid predation?- Partnership of prawn and gobi?- Partnership of crayfish and moray?- How does octopus avoid predator?Outline of Current Lecture: LECTURE 22 OUTLINE (Coral Reefs & Plankton – 16 April 2015)Corals todayCorals are both Animal and Plant!History of evolution and migration of corals- 240 Million Years Old, from Tethys SeaTemperature, nutrient control, wave action, and distribution of coral reefsCoral reefs on continental shelvesCorals on volcanic islandsImportant aspects of Coral reefs (Barrier Reef video)Part 1: 0:00-7:19- Description of coral organism and colony- Three feeding strategies of sea cucumbers- How is sand produced in coral reef environment?- How and why are nutrients recycled in a coral reef?Part 2: 7:19-10:02- What is the role of sea grasses and algae?- Name of rock that makes up reef?- Plant (zooxanthellae) versus animal structure of coral- Day/night differencePart 3: 10:02:17:33- When/where did corals first appear?- Where do most coral reefs occur today?- Why did they have to leave this area?- How & why did they leave this area?Plankton:Primary producers = planktonic plants (diatoms & coccoliths) = phytoplanktonPrimary consumers = planktonic animals = zooplanktonSome are always planktonic = holoplanktonSome are planktonic only as juveniles = meroplanktonCurrent
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