GEOS 212 1st Edition Lecture 21 Outline of last lecture LECTURE 20 OUTLINE Food Webs 9 April 2015 Overview of main events in the evolution of marine life from handout Summary of evolution Physical environment on Earth is continually changing Organisms evolve in form function to adapt to changes natural selection Gradual change accommodated by slow evolution Rapid change drives extinction followed by rapid evolution Information acquired from ancestors stored in DNA so successful traits are passed on Food Webs Trophic Pyramid Primary producers microscopic plants phytoplankton Primary consumers vegetarians e g krill Secondary consumers eat mostly animals Top predator Apex predator eats everything Trophic levels who you eat who eats you need to eat 10 pounds of food for every pound of you Biomass needed for vegetarians herbivores vs carnivores Outline of Current Lecture LECTURE 21 OUTLINE Kelp Mangrove Forests 14 April 2014 Kelp Forest Community Occurs in shallow water 100 feet deep Generally along continental shelves Likes cool water between 40 and 70 F Blooms during summer months Kelp Forest on US west coast Seasons in the Sea video Part 1 5 35 12 20 to 6 40 Critical aspects of Western US coast Depth size structure of kelp Gray whale migration feeding population Otters hunting recovery specific use of kelp Winter storms good bad aspects Part 2 21 35 25 40 to 10 39 Otters insulation linkage with urchins kelp These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute Who else feeds on urchins What is an urchin barren and how does it form Starfish feeding strategy Part 3 41 52 46 19 to 15 01 Important aspects of kelp forest Garibaldi nesting mating parenting strategies Survival chances of juvenile fish Part 4 47 30 55 05 to 22 37 Food web of kelp plankton krill anchovies blue shark blue whale Blue whale size feeding strategies population Mangrove Forest Community Occurs in intertidal zone along gently sloping continental shelves Likes warm water 70 F Structure of mangroves Mangrove Forest along east African coast African Tides video Part 1 9 55 11 55 to 2 57 Unusual adaptation of mudskipper fish Structure of mangrove forest Primary producers Reproductive strategy of mangrove Part 2 29 35 33 32 to 6 53 Feeding strategy of mangrove jack fish catching sardines How do porcupine fish avoid predation How do mudskippers avoid predation Partnership of prawn and gobi Partnership of crayfish and moray How does octopus avoid predator Current Lecture
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