These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute. !!! Lecture 12 The Executive • Nomination!Process:!Primaries!!- Simple!elections!at!the!statewide!level!• Closed!primaries!!• Events!where!only!party!members!can!vote!• Open!primaries!!• Events!where!citizens!can!choose!the!party!ballot!they!want!to!vote!upon!• Creates!a!strategic!opportunity!for!members!of!an!opposing!party!Campaigns!in!the!past!• Traditionally!presidential!campaigns!have!taken!one!of!the!following!forms!• The!Front!Porch!• Campaigns!were!conducted!at!grass!root!levels!by!surrogates!• The!Rose!Garden!Campaign!• Incumbent!presidents!maximize!the!advantages!of!their!office!• Limited!schedule!with!frequent!public!announcements!General!Election:!Past!• Electoral!vote!allocation!!• Proportional!Allocation!(House!district!level)!• Winner!of!the!House!district!got!1!electoral!vote!!• Winner!of!the!state!got!2!votes!related!to!the!Senate!seats!• Susceptible!to!deadlock!in!Electoral!College!• WinnerOTakeOAll!(statewide!level)!• Winner!of!the!state!got!all!the!electoral!votes!• Increases!the!importance!of!individual!states!!!!!!!!!!POLS!1113!!! !• Makes!it!more!likely!that!a!candidate!could!reach!the!270!hurdle!and!avoid!the!House!of!Representatives!• By!1836!most!states!adopted!the!winner!take!all!allocation!General!Election:!Present!• Proportional!Allocation!of!Votes!• Move!back!toward!allocation!by!congressional!district!/!state!• Maine!and!Nebraska!!• Switched!back!to!the!proportional!allocation!• The!only!two!states!that!currently!use!it!• Nebraska!is!considering!go!back!to!WinnerOTakeOAll!• Colorado!(2004)!• Popular!initiative!to!use!proportional!allocation!failed!35%!to!65%!• Pennsylvania!(2012)!• State!legislature!considered!using!proportional!allocation!• MI,!OH,!WI,!PA,!VA!(2016?)!• States!that!went!for!Obama!but!have!Republican!state!legislatures!!!!!!!Nominee!Qualifications:!Formal!!• Office!of!President!and!Vice!President!- 35!years!of!age!- Natural!born!citizen!of!the!United!States!! !- It!is!generally!thought!that!citizens!bo rn!outsi de!of!th e!U.S.!wo uld !qu ali fy!- Resident!of!the!U.S.!for!14!years!- Washington!set!the!precedent!of!2!terms!- FDR!was!elected!4!times!- 1951:!22nd!amendment!established!the!2!term!limit!Nomination!Process:!Washington!Era!• Choice!of!Electoral!College!electors!was!left!up!to!the!state!legislatures!• Combined!the!selection!of!potential!candidates!and!the!election!of!the!president!into!a!single!process!!!• George!Washington!was!seen!as!the!only!viable!candidate!and!he!won!with!unanimous!support!• Washington’s!precedent!of!a!2Oterm!limit!raised!the!problem!of!presidential!elections!for!the!first!time!Nomination!Process:!King!Caucus!Era!!• Early!Presidential!Elections!• Political!parties!were!forming!• Election!of!Jefferson!establishes!a!twoOparty!system!• Undemocratic!process!• National!parties!would!select!their!own!nominees!• Members!of!Congress!would!meet!as!a!caucus!and!choose!a!candidate!Nomination!Process:!Modern!Process!!• Exploratory!committees!• Gage!popular!support!• Develop!a!base!of!supporters!• Raise!campaign!funds!• Hire!high!profile!campaign!professionals!• Formal!Announcement!• If!everything!pans!out,!then!announce!! !•
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