POLS 1113 1st Edition Lecture 1Politics & Socials ContractsI. What is Politics? A. Politics 1.A simple way to think about “politics” a. It is the process determining who get what, when, and how. B. Neo- Institutional Perspective1.Five Principles of Politics a. Individual behavior is a goal or preference driven b. Politics is about collective action problems c. Institutions routinely help solve collection action problems d. Political outcomes are the products of individual preferences and institutionalprocedures. e. Political outcomes are path dependent C. Fundamental Institutions 1. If institution helps shape outcomes, then we need to know where theseinstitutions come from 2. Think about the most fundamental of institutions. Ex. The Social Contract. D. Compare/Contrast Hobbes’ Leviathan and John Locke’s Second Treatise1.Two Approaches: Thomas Hobbes a. Leviathan 1.State of nature 2.Anarchy: a war of against all b. Mechanism 1.Unanimous Consentc. Authority – The Sovereign1. An absolute power 2.Selected by majority of those consenting3.Minorityy must obey2. Two Approaches: John Locke a. Second Treatise of Government – State of Nature 1. Perfect freedom and equality 2. Interrupted by period of war 3. Bargaining of personal grievancesThese notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.b. Mechanism 2. Unanimous consent impossible 2. Tacit Consent – Those that enjoy property consent to the authority that safeguardsthat property. c. Authority 1. The Commonwealth, not a particular form of government, any independent community, canforsake commonwealth authority. Ex. Giving up property or moving to unpopulated land and setting up
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