Linguis 101 1nd Edition Lecture 14 Current Lecture Morphology Morphology the system of categories and rules involved in word formation Morpheme the smallest meaningful unit of language Dog s act ive read er Word the smallest meaningful unit of language that can stand alone that is free Words A word may be simplex or complex Simplex word word consisting of one morpheme Ex dog the act to taco Complex word word consisting of two or more morphemes Ex dog s two morphemes de act iv at ion five morphemes Morphemes A morpheme may be free or bound Free morpheme morpheme that is a word can stand alone Ex dog act the Bound morpheme morpheme that can t stand alone has to be attached to another morpheme suffixes and prefixes s in dogs de in deactivate parts of a word roots and affixes every word consists of at least one root plus optional affixes root constitutes the semantic core of the word has a lexical category verb noun adj bound roots in English most roots are free morphemes but in English may have some bound roots ex receive ceive know some other languages have even more bound roots affixes are bound morphemes that may be added to a root to modify its meaning and or lexical category ex dog s de humid ifi er always bound types of affixes prefix attached to the front left of a base suffix attached to the end right of a base circumfix a discontinuous morpheme attached surrounding a base These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor s lecture GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes not as a substitute infix attached inside another morpheme ex in tagalog basa means to read an infix would be binasa which means to have read english does have a rude taboo infix the expletive intensifier freakin ex Ala freaking bama base is any form to which an affix is added a base may also be the root or it may be a root plus one or more affixes o ex blackened black en ed 3 morphemes black is the root and the base
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