LINGUIS 101 1st Edition Lecture 10Review:• Allophones- one mental sounds and the native speakers automatically change the pronunciation • Underlying phoneme- the one present in more situations • We always want to chose the simplest rule • Vowel has the most open articulation of any sound (fricatives)• Describe the rule, don’t use the phonetic IPA symbols Phonological Derivation • The set of steps or rule applications that show how a surface representation is derived from an underlying form o Shown in a table – underlying form, then the way the word is stored in the memory(phoneme) then list all of the rules of the language and then show the changes that are made by each rule. In the end you should end up with the surface form, or the way it is actually pronouncedRules • (1) Nasalized form• (2) Aspiration• (3) Dipthong rule natural classes • a class of sounds that shares a phonetic feature or featureso vocal oral stops o high vowelso voiceless fricatives • phonological rules operate over natural classes These notes represent a detailed interpretation of the professor’s lecture. GradeBuddy is best used as a supplement to your own notes, not as a substitute.o environment for a change central low dipthong mid / ____ voiceless c voiceless c [ f t p k s]o sounds undergo change voiceless stop aspirated / #____ voiceless stop [p t k] • some additional natural classes o sibilant- sound with high amplitude turbulent noise (acoustic property) [s z ʃʒtʃdʒ]o obstruent- sound made with highly obstructed airflow Oral stops, fricatives, and affricateso sonorant- sound made with open passage for airflow Nasal stops, liquids, glides,
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